a nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus and plans to make dietary adjustments which of th
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ATI Nutrition

1. A client with nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus is receiving dietary teaching from a nurse and plans to make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: For a client with nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus, increasing fiber intake is essential as it can help manage blood sugar levels and improve overall bowel health. Choice A is incorrect because carbohydrates should be controlled but not limited to less than 45% of total calories. Choice B is incorrect as the recommended daily cholesterol intake for individuals with diabetes is less than 200 mg. Choice C is incorrect as protein intake should be individualized based on the client's condition and should not be limited to less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight per day.

2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client with gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'I drink no more than 4 cups of coffee a day.' Excessive coffee consumption can aggravate gastroesophageal reflux due to its acidic nature. Choices A, C, and D are all appropriate self-care measures for managing gastroesophageal reflux. Elevating the head of the bed while sleeping helps prevent acid reflux, eating slowly can reduce reflux episodes, and avoiding trigger foods like chocolate can help alleviate symptoms.

3. Sam is trying to lose weight by skipping lunch. By the middle of the afternoon, Sam is very uncomfortable and feels that they "have" to eat. Sam is experiencing:

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Hunger is the physiological need to eat, which Sam is experiencing due to skipping a meal and the body signaling the need for nutrients.

4. This vaccine content is derived from RNA recombinants.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

5. Diet therapy for Rudy, who has acute renal failure is low-protein, low potassium and low sodium. The nutrition instructions should include:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

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