a nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus and plans to make dietary adjustments which of th
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Nursing Elites

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ATI Nutrition

1. A client with nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus is receiving dietary teaching from a nurse and plans to make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: For a client with nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus, increasing fiber intake is essential as it can help manage blood sugar levels and improve overall bowel health. Choice A is incorrect because carbohydrates should be controlled but not limited to less than 45% of total calories. Choice B is incorrect as the recommended daily cholesterol intake for individuals with diabetes is less than 200 mg. Choice C is incorrect as protein intake should be individualized based on the client's condition and should not be limited to less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight per day.

2. What is the movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration called?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Osmosis. Osmosis is the process where water moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. This movement equalizes the solute concentration in intracellular and extracellular fluids. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not describe the movement of water based on solute concentration levels.

3. Select all that apply. Which of the following oils contain high levels of unsaturated fatty acids and low levels of saturated and trans fats?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Vegetable, canola, and olive oils are high in unsaturated fats and low in saturated and trans fats, making them heart-healthy choices.

4. A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include that which of the following is a trigger for the formation of vitamin D in the body?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Exposure to sunlight is the trigger for the formation of vitamin D in the body. When the skin is exposed to sunlight, it produces vitamin D. This process is essential for maintaining healthy levels of vitamin D in the body. Calcium (Choice A) is important for bone health but is not the trigger for vitamin D formation. Vitamin A depletion (Choice B) does not directly trigger the formation of vitamin D. Weight-bearing exercise (Choice D) is crucial for bone health but is not directly related to the formation of vitamin D.

5. Which of the following is the most important risk factor for development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

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