ATI RN
ATI Mental Health Proctored Exam 2023
1. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching regarding the treatment of major depressive disorder?
- A. I have been on this antidepressant for 3 days. I understand that the full effect may take weeks to occur.
- B. I am going to ask my nurse practitioner to discontinue my Prozac today and let me start taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor tomorrow.
- C. I may ask to have my medication changed to Wellbutrin due to the problems I am having being romantic with my wife.
- D. I realize that there are many antidepressants and it might take a while until we find the one that works best for me.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Choice B indicates a need for further teaching because the patient is planning to switch directly from Prozac, an SSRI, to a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) without allowing for a washout period. This abrupt switch poses a risk of serotonin syndrome, which can be life-threatening. It is essential to educate the patient about the importance of consulting healthcare providers before changing medications to prevent potential adverse effects.
2. When educating a client starting a new prescription for metoprolol, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Check your pulse before taking the medication.
- B. Take the medication with food to increase absorption.
- C. Avoid sudden changes in position.
- D. Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting metoprolol is to avoid sudden changes in position. Metoprolol can cause dizziness due to its blood pressure-lowering effects, increasing the risk of falls and injury. Instructing the client to change positions slowly helps prevent orthostatic hypotension and related adverse events. Checking the pulse before taking the medication (Choice A) is not typically necessary for metoprolol. Taking the medication with food (Choice B) is not required for absorption and can be taken with or without food. Monitoring blood pressure regularly (Choice D) is essential for clients taking metoprolol, but avoiding sudden changes in position is more critical to prevent dizziness and falls.
3. Studies suggest that leukoplakia is resolved by excess vitamin A (a fat-soluble vitamin), retinoids, and beta-carotene. Leukoplakia is a white plaque that forms on oral mucous membranes.
- A. Both statements are true.
- B. Both statements are false.
- C. The first statement is true; the second is false.
- D. The first statement is false; the second is true.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Both statements are false. Studies suggest that leukoplakia, a white plaque that forms on oral mucous membranes, can be resolved by vitamin A, retinoids, and beta-carotene. Despite the potential to resolve leukoplakia, relapse is common. Also pertinent, evidence does not indicate that any of these nutrients prevent malignant transformation. The extract provided clarifies that leukoplakia is a white plaque, not an erythematous lesion, and that vitamin A, retinoids, and beta-carotene can help resolve it.
4. For a patient on lithium therapy, which dietary recommendation is essential?
- A. Increase caffeine intake
- B. Increase sodium intake
- C. Increase protein intake
- D. Increase fiber intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to increase sodium intake. Maintaining consistent sodium levels is crucial for patients on lithium therapy to prevent fluctuations in drug levels. Increasing caffeine intake (Choice A) is not recommended as it can interfere with lithium levels. While protein intake (Choice C) is important, it is not the essential dietary recommendation for patients on lithium therapy. Similarly, increasing fiber intake (Choice D) is not a key recommendation for these patients.
5. A school-age client is in the playroom when the respiratory therapist arrives to give a scheduled breathing treatment. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
- A. Escort the child to their room and ask the child-life specialist to bring toys to the bedside
- B. Reschedule the treatment for a later time
- C. Assist the child back to their room for the treatment but reassure them that they may return when the procedure is completed
- D. Show the respiratory therapist to the playroom
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate action is to assist the child back to their room for the treatment but reassure them that they may return when the procedure is completed. This approach ensures that the child receives the necessary treatment while also acknowledging their desire to continue playing in the playroom. Choice A is incorrect because it suggests moving the child to the room and asking the child-life specialist to bring toys, which may not be necessary. Choice B is incorrect as rescheduling the treatment may not be in the best interest of the child's health. Choice D is incorrect as the nurse should guide the child back to their room for the treatment.
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