ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. You are the nurse evaluating a newly admitted patients laboratory results, which include several values that are outside of reference ranges. Which of the following would cause the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
- A. Increased serum sodium
- B. Decreased serum potassium
- C. Decreased hemoglobin
- D. Increased platelets
Correct answer: A
Rationale:
2. You are the nurse caring for a patient who is to receive IV daunorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent. You start the infusion and check the insertion site as per protocol. During your most recent check, you note that the IV has infiltrated so you stop the infusion. What is your main concern with this infiltration?
- A. Extravasation of the medication
- B. Discomfort to the patient
- C. Blanching at the site
- D. Hypersensitivity reaction to the medication
Correct answer: A
Rationale:
3. You are performing an admission assessment on an older adult patient newly admitted for end-stage liver disease. What principle should guide your assessment of the patients skin turgor?
- A. Overhydration is common among healthy older adults.
- B. Dehydration causes the skin to appear spongy
- C. Inelastic skin turgor is a normal part of aging
- D. Skin turgor cannot be assessed in patients over 70.
Correct answer: C
Rationale:
4. You are caring for a patient who is being treated on the oncology unit with a diagnosis of lung cancer with bone metastases. During your assessment, you note the patient complains of a new onset of weakness with abdominal pain. Further assessment suggests that the patient likely has a fluid volume deficit. You should recognize that this patient may be experiencing what electrolyte imbalance?
- A. Hypernatremia
- B. Hypomagnesemia
- C. Hypophosphatemia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
5. Which of the following is not considered an extracellular fluid?
- A. Cerebrospinal fluid
- B. The humors of the eye
- C. Lymph
- D. Cerebrospinal fluid and the humors of the eye
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Cerebrospinal fluid and the humors of the eye are not considered extracellular fluids. Extracellular fluids are fluids found outside the cells, such as interstitial fluid and lymph. Cerebrospinal fluid is found within the central nervous system, while the humors of the eye (aqueous humor and vitreous humor) are located within the eyeball, making them distinct from extracellular fluids.
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