ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. A nurse assesses a client who was started on intraperitoneal therapy 5 days ago. The client reports abdominal pain and feeling warm. For which complication of this therapy should the nurse assess this client?
- A. Allergic reaction
- B. Bowel obstruction
- C. Catheter lumen occlusion
- D. Infection
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
2. What is the main water-holding force in the blood capillaries?
- A. Capillary blood pressure
- B. Sodium in the blood plasma
- C. Protein in the blood plasma
- D. Chloride in the blood plasma
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Protein in the blood plasma. Plasma proteins, especially albumin, create oncotic pressure, which is the main force responsible for holding water within the blood capillaries. Capillary blood pressure (Choice A) is involved in pushing blood through the capillaries, while sodium and chloride in the blood plasma (Choices B and D) are electrolytes and do not play a significant role in the water-holding force within capillaries.
3. A gerontologic nurse is teaching students about the high incidence and prevalence of dehydration in older adults. What factors contribute to this phenomenon? Select all that do not apply.
- A. Decreased kidney mass
- B. Decreased renal blood flow
- C. Decreased excretion of potassium
- D. Increased conservation of sodium
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
4. A nurse evaluates the following arterial blood gas values in a client: pH 7.48, PaO2 98 mm Hg, PaCO2 28 mm Hg, and HCO3 22 mEq/L. Which client condition should the nurse correlate with these results?
- A. Diarrhea and vomiting for 36 hours
- B. . Anxiety-induced hyperventilation
- C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- D. Diabetic ketoacidosis and emphysema
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
5. A nurse assesses a client who is admitted for treatment of fluid overload. Which manifestations should the nurse expect to find? (Select all that do not apply.)
- A. Increased pulse rate
- B. . Distended neck veins
- C. Warm and pink skin
- D. Skeletal muscle weakness
Correct answer: C
Rationale:
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