Nursing Elites

1. How would a decrease in blood protein concentration impact the fluid volumes?

• A. increase interstitial fluid volume.
• B. decrease blood plasma volume.
• C. decrease interstitial fluid volume.
• D. increase interstitial fluid volume and decrease blood plasma volume.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A decrease in blood protein concentration would lead to a reduction in osmotic pressure, which is responsible for drawing fluid back into the capillaries. This decrease in osmotic pressure would result in an increase in interstitial fluid volume as fluid moves out of the capillaries, and a decrease in blood plasma volume as less fluid is drawn back into the circulation. Therefore, the correct answer is to increase interstitial fluid volume and decrease blood plasma volume. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not reflect the impact of decreased blood protein concentration on fluid volumes.

2. Extracellular fluid includes:

• A. plasma and intracellular fluid.
• B. interstitial and intracellular fluids.
• C. plasma and interstitial fluid.
• D. plasma, interstitial fluid, and intracellular fluid.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'plasma and interstitial fluid.' Extracellular fluid consists of all body fluids outside the cells, primarily including plasma (the liquid component of blood) and interstitial fluid (the fluid between cells). Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because intracellular fluid is located within the cells, not in the extracellular fluid compartment.

3. You are caring for a patient who is being treated on the oncology unit with a diagnosis of lung cancer with bone metastases. During your assessment, you note the patient complains of a new onset of weakness with abdominal pain. Further assessment suggests that the patient likely has a fluid volume deficit. You should recognize that this patient may be experiencing what electrolyte imbalance?

• A. Hypernatremia
• B. Hypomagnesemia
• C. Hypophosphatemia
• D. Hypercalcemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

4. Which substance dissociates into ions in a water solution?

• A. Intracellular fluid
• B. Interstitial fluid
• C. Plasma
• D. Electrolyte

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Electrolyte.' Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Intracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, and plasma are not substances that dissociate into ions in a water solution. Intracellular fluid is the fluid inside cells, interstitial fluid is the fluid between cells, and plasma is the liquid component of blood. These choices do not dissociate into ions in a water solution, unlike electrolytes.

5. The nurse is caring for a patient in metabolic alkalosis. The patient has an NG tube to low intermittent suction for a diagnosis of bowel obstruction. What drug would the nurse expect to find on the medication orders?

• A. Cimetidine
• B. Maalox
• C. Potassium chloride elixir
• D. ) Furosemide

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

Similar Questions