Nursing Elites

1. You are on duty in the medical ward. You were asked to check the narcotics cabinet. You found out that what is on record does not tally with the drugs used. What will you do first?

• A. Write an incident report and refer the matter to the nursing director
• B. Keep your findings to yourself
• C. Report the matter to your supervisor
• D. Find out from the endorsement any patient who might have been given narcotics

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this situation, the first step should be to report the matter to your supervisor. It is essential to notify the appropriate authority immediately to address the discrepancy in the narcotics cabinet. Choice A is not the first step as reporting to the nursing director should follow after informing the supervisor. Keeping the findings to yourself (Choice B) is not appropriate as it may jeopardize patient safety and is against ethical standards. While finding out which patient received narcotics (Choice D) is important, it is not the immediate action to take in this scenario.

2. Select all that apply. To lower LDL levels, you should:

• A. consume minimal amounts of hydrogenated and saturated fats
• B. consume more insoluble fibers than soluble fibers
• C. consume alcohol in moderate levels
• D. engage in regular physical activity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To lower LDL levels, reducing intake of hydrogenated (trans) and saturated fats is crucial, as these types of fats can raise LDL cholesterol in the blood. Choice B is incorrect because both soluble and insoluble fibers can help lower LDL levels. Choice C is incorrect as excessive alcohol consumption can lead to increased LDL levels. Choice D, engaging in regular physical activity, can help raise HDL (good) cholesterol levels but is not directly related to lowering LDL levels.

3. Which systolic blood pressure measurement is classified as prehypertension?

• A. 106 mmHg
• B. 119 mmHg
• C. 130 mmHg
• D. 141 mmHg

Correct answer: B

Rationale: According to the blood pressure classification, a systolic blood pressure between 120-139 mmHg is considered prehypertension. This range indicates an increased risk for developing hypertension if not managed appropriately. Therefore, a systolic blood pressure of 119 mmHg falls into the prehypertension category. A systolic pressure of 106 mmHg is within the normal range, while 130 mmHg and above would be classified as stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension respectively, not prehypertension.

4. A client with chronic pancreatitis is receiving discharge teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• A. "You should decrease your caloric intake when experiencing abdominal pain."?
• B. "You should increase your daily intake of protein."?
• C. "You should increase fat intake when experiencing loose stools."?
• D. "You should limit alcohol intake to 2-3 drinks per week."?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In chronic pancreatitis, it is important to increase protein intake to support healing and prevent malnutrition. Choice A is incorrect because decreasing caloric intake during abdominal pain may lead to further nutritional deficiencies. Choice C is incorrect as increasing fat intake can exacerbate symptoms due to the impaired fat digestion in chronic pancreatitis. Choice D is incorrect as alcohol should be completely avoided in chronic pancreatitis to prevent further damage to the pancreas.

5. All of the following are seen in a child with measles. Which one is not?

• A. Reddened eyes
• B. Coryza
• C. Pustule
• D. Cough

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Measles typically presents with symptoms like reddened eyes, coryza (inflammation of the mucous membrane in the nose), and cough. However, pustules are not a common symptom of measles. Pustules are more characteristic of conditions like chickenpox rather than measles. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

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