ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test B 2019
1. You are on duty in the medical ward. You were asked to check the narcotics cabinet. You found out that what is on record does not tally with the drugs used. What will you do first?
- A. Write an incident report and refer the matter to the nursing director
- B. Keep your findings to yourself
- C. Report the matter to your supervisor
- D. Find out from the endorsement any patient who might have been given narcotics
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In this situation, the first step should be to report the matter to your supervisor. It is essential to notify the appropriate authority immediately to address the discrepancy in the narcotics cabinet. Choice A is not the first step as reporting to the nursing director should follow after informing the supervisor. Keeping the findings to yourself (Choice B) is not appropriate as it may jeopardize patient safety and is against ethical standards. While finding out which patient received narcotics (Choice D) is important, it is not the immediate action to take in this scenario.
2. A patient with renal insufficiency should limit the intake of which of the following nutrients?
- A. Phosphorus
- B. Potassium
- C. Sodium
- D. Calcium
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In patients with renal insufficiency, impaired kidney function can lead to difficulty in excreting phosphorus. High phosphorus levels can result in further complications such as bone and heart problems. Therefore, limiting the intake of phosphorus is crucial. Potassium and sodium restrictions may also be necessary in renal insufficiency, but the primary concern related to nutrients is phosphorus in this scenario. Calcium, while important for bone health, does not typically need to be restricted in renal insufficiency unless there is a specific medical reason to do so.
3. Which of the following provides the least amount of potassium?
- A. broccoli
- B. potatoes
- C. bananas
- D. cheese
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Cheese provides less potassium compared to broccoli, potatoes, and bananas, which are all rich in this essential mineral.
4. Which factor contributes to the development of bone diseases in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) due to retention?
- A. Iron
- B. Sodium
- C. Potassium
- D. Phosphorus
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is phosphorus. Retention of phosphorus in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) contributes to the development of bone disorders, including osteodystrophy, because it disrupts the balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body. This imbalance leads to a variety of bone diseases. The other options - iron, sodium, and potassium - while important in the overall metabolic function, are not directly linked to the development of bone diseases in CKD patients due to retention.
5. Which type of nutritional deficiency results from inadequate absorption?
- A. Unmeasurable
- B. Primary deficiency
- C. Secondary deficiency
- D. Codependent
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Secondary deficiency. A nutritional deficiency resulting from decreased intake is called a primary deficiency. On the other hand, a secondary deficiency refers to a vitamin deficiency caused by inadequate absorption or use, increased requirements, excretion, or destruction. Choice A, 'Unmeasurable,' is incorrect as it does not describe a type of nutritional deficiency. Choice B, 'Primary deficiency,' is incorrect as it refers to a deficiency caused by decreased intake, not inadequate absorption. Choice D, 'Codependent,' is incorrect as it is unrelated to the context of nutritional deficiencies.