ATI RN
ATI Proctored Nutrition Exam 2019
1. Why is there an ethical dilemma?
- A. Because the law does not clearly state what is right from what is wrong
- B. Because morality is subjective and it differs from each individual
- C. Because the patient's right coincide with the nurse's responsibility
- D. Because the nurse lacks ethical knowledge to determine what action is correct and what action is unethical
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because an ethical dilemma arises when the patient's rights conflict with the nurse's responsibilities, requiring a careful balance to ensure ethical care delivery. Choices A and B are incorrect because ethical dilemmas are not solely about legal or subjective moral issues. Choice D is incorrect as nurses are generally equipped with ethical knowledge through education and training, and ethical dilemmas are more about conflicting values and responsibilities rather than a lack of knowledge.
2. Which food provides a 1-ounce serving of grains for a preschool child?
- A. 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal flakes
- B. 1⁄2 slice of whole wheat bread
- C. 1⁄2 of a 6-inch flour tortilla
- D. 1 cup of cooked rice
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal flakes. For a preschool child, 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal flakes provides a 1-ounce serving of grains, meeting the requirement. Choice B, 1⁄2 slice of whole wheat bread, is not the correct answer as it does not constitute a 1-ounce serving of grains. Similarly, choice C, 1⁄2 of a 6-inch flour tortilla, does not offer a 1-ounce serving of grains. Choice D, 1 cup of cooked rice, also does not provide a 1-ounce serving of grains for a preschool child, making it an incorrect choice.
3. An elderly man is hospitalized with a diagnosis of malnutrition three months following his wife's death. What risk factor for malnutrition does this scenario illustrate?
- A. A history of chronic illness
- B. Depression or social isolation
- C. Age
- D. Impaired mobility
Correct answer: B
Rationale: This scenario illustrates depression or social isolation as a risk factor for malnutrition. After the death of his wife, the elderly man may have experienced depression or social isolation, which can lead to decreased food intake and poor nutritional status. Although age, chronic illness, and impaired mobility can also contribute to malnutrition, they are not the primary factors described in this scenario. The history of chronic illness (Choice A) and impaired mobility (Choice D) were not mentioned in the scenario, and while age (Choice C) is a factor, it's not the main factor depicted in this case.
4. You will give health instructions to Carlo, a case of bronchial asthma. The health instruction will include the following, EXCEPT:
- A. Avoid emotional stress and extreme temperature
- B. Avoid pollution like smoking
- C. Avoid pollens, dust, seafood
- D. Practice respiratory isolation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
5. Each of the following nutrients provides energy except one. Which one is the exception?
- A. Proteins
- B. Carbohydrates
- C. Fats
- D. Vitamins
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Vitamins. While proteins, carbohydrates, and fats provide energy, vitamins do not. Vitamins are essential micronutrients that help regulate various biochemical processes in the body, such as metabolism and immunity. Choice A, B, and C are incorrect because proteins, carbohydrates, and fats are macronutrients that the body uses as a source of energy.
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