ATI RN
Psychology 101 Final Exam
1. Why is it difficult to determine the nature of the relationship between divorce and the psychological functioning of family members?
- A. Cause and effect cannot be determined as preexisting behavioral abnormalities in either the parents or the children may make divorce more likely.
- B. The findings have been too inconsistent to draw any conclusions.
- C. While the effects of divorce are negative on children, the effects on the spouses are generally positive.
- D. Due to modern acceptance of divorce, there has been an ongoing decrease in the negative effects of divorce.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it highlights a crucial factor that makes it challenging to establish a clear cause and effect relationship between divorce and the psychological functioning of family members. Preexisting behavioral abnormalities in either the parents or the children may influence both the likelihood of divorce and the psychological functioning of family members. Choice B is incorrect as it generalizes the findings without specifying the key issue of preexisting conditions. Choice C is incorrect as it oversimplifies the effects of divorce on family members. Choice D is incorrect as it presents a broad statement without addressing the complexities involved in determining the effects of divorce.
2. A father calls the clinic because he found his young daughter squirting Visine eyedrops into her mouth. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
- A. Reassure the father that Visine is harmless.
- B. Direct him to seek immediate medical treatment.
- C. Recommend inducing vomiting with ipecac.
- D. Advise him to dilute Visine by giving his daughter several glasses of water to drink.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Visine is not harmless when ingested, and immediate medical treatment is necessary due to the risk of toxicity. Vomiting should not be induced without medical advice, and dilution with water is not an appropriate treatment.
3. Which lab value is essential for a patient receiving warfarin therapy?
- A. Monitor INR
- B. Monitor sodium levels
- C. Monitor potassium levels
- D. Monitor platelet count
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the INR (International Normalized Ratio) for a patient receiving warfarin therapy. INR monitoring is crucial to assess the effectiveness of warfarin in preventing blood clots while minimizing the risk of bleeding. Monitoring sodium levels (choice B), potassium levels (choice C), or platelet count (choice D) is not specifically essential for patients on warfarin therapy and does not provide direct information on the drug's anticoagulant effects.
4. The nurse is teaching parents of a child with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) disease about foods that can exacerbate acid reflux. What foods should be included in the teaching session?
- A. Citrus
- B. All of the above
- C. Spicy foods
- D. Peppermint
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: All of the above. Citrus, spicy foods, and peppermint are known to exacerbate GER symptoms by increasing acid production or relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter. Therefore, these foods should be avoided by a child with GER disease. Bananas, on the other hand, are generally safe and do not contribute to acid reflux. Choice B is correct because all the mentioned foods can worsen GER symptoms, while bananas are considered safe.
5. Which of the following dietary measures would be useful in preventing esophageal reflux?
- A. Eating small, frequent meals
- B. Increasing fluid intake
- C. Avoiding air swallowing with meals
- D. Adding a bedtime snack to the dietary plan
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Eating small, frequent meals helps prevent esophageal reflux.
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