Nursing Elites

1. Why is a client with osteoporosis prone to fractures?

• A. The client has bone spurs that lead to fractures
• B. The client has increased bone density
• C. The client has porous bones
• D. The client is not prone to fractures

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Osteoporosis is characterized by porous, weak bones due to decreased bone density. This porous nature of bones in osteoporosis makes them more prone to fractures. Choice A is incorrect because bone spurs do not lead to fractures in osteoporosis; they are bony outgrowths unrelated to osteoporosis. Choice B is incorrect as osteoporosis is associated with decreased, not increased, bone density. Choice D is incorrect as individuals with osteoporosis are indeed prone to fractures due to weakened bones.

2. What phase of wound healing occurs at the time of injury and lasts about 3-5 days?

• A. Maturation
• B. Intentional
• C. Inflammatory
• D. Proliferative

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

3. The client moves both crutches forward, with weight on the unaffected leg, and then moves the unaffected leg forward, shifting weight onto it. Which of the following gaits is being utilized?

• A. Two-point gait
• B. Three-point gait
• C. Four-point gait
• D. Unaffected gait

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Three-point gait. In a three-point gait, one leg is non-weight bearing, as described in the scenario where the client shifts weight onto the unaffected leg. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A two-point gait involves partial weight-bearing on both legs, a four-point gait involves weight-bearing on both legs, and 'Unaffected gait' is not a recognized term in gait patterns.

4. A client has sustained an open fracture. What nursing intervention will best prevent osteomyelitis in this client?

• A. Delegate all client personal care to specific unlicensed assistive personnel
• B. Place the client in contact precautions
• C. Proper hand hygiene
• D. Administer pain medication

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Proper hand hygiene is crucial in preventing infections such as osteomyelitis in clients with open fractures. Keeping the hands clean helps reduce the risk of introducing harmful pathogens to the wound site. Delegating all client personal care to specific unlicensed assistive personnel (Choice A) is not appropriate as direct involvement in wound care is essential in preventing infections. Placing the client in contact precautions (Choice B) is not directly related to preventing osteomyelitis in this context. Administering pain medication (Choice D) is important for managing the client's pain but does not directly address the prevention of osteomyelitis.

5. What is the nurse's priority action for a client with compromised immunity?

• A. Wash hands before entering the client's room
• B. Take the client's vital signs every 4 hours
• C. Determine whether it is temporary or permanent
• D. Teach the family members to receive the flu shot annually

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

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