Nursing Elites

1. The nurse educates a client about how to reduce their risk for osteoporosis. Which of these statements by the nurse is correct? (Select all that apply)

• A. You can decrease your risk of osteoporosis by avoiding vitamin D.
• B. You can decrease your risk of osteoporosis by reducing caffeine intake.
• C. You can decrease the risk of osteoporosis by decreasing alcohol intake.
• D. You can decrease your risk of osteoporosis by reducing protein intake.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, and quitting smoking can help decrease the risk of osteoporosis.

2. A client sustained a crushing injury to his right arm during a car accident. He arrives to the emergency room complaining of numbness in his right hand. He has no other injuries. What should the nurse do first?

• A. Assess the right radial pulse
• B. Call the provider
• C. Administer pain medication
• D. Assess the right pedal pulse

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Assessing the radial pulse checks for adequate circulation and potential complications.

3. A client has sustained an open fracture. How can the nurse best prevent osteomyelitis in this client?

• A. Administer pain medication
• B. Use proper hand hygiene and strict infection control
• C. Delegate all client personal care to specific unlicensed assistive personnel
• D. Plate the client in contact precautions

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

4. What should be done immediately after an ankle injury?

• A. Immobilize, heat, compress, and elevate the ankle
• B. Rest, ice, compress, and lower the ankle
• C. Rest, ice, compress, and elevate the ankle
• D. Rest, incubate, confine, and lower the ankle

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rest, ice, compress, and elevate the ankle. After an ankle injury, it is essential to follow the RICE method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) for immediate treatment. Resting the injured ankle helps prevent further damage, applying ice reduces swelling and pain, compression with a bandage provides support and helps control swelling, and elevating the ankle above heart level reduces swelling by allowing fluid to drain away from the injury site. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because heating, incubating, or confining the ankle can worsen the injury by increasing swelling and inflammation instead of reducing them.

5. The nurse is planning care for a post-operative client after a total hip arthroplasty. What is the priority nursing intervention?

• A. Observe client for changes in mental status
• B. Use aseptic technique for wound care and emptying of drains
• C. Keep the client's heels off the bed
• D. Perform neurovascular assessments per protocol

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

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