Nursing Elites

1. Which vitamin is crucial for collagen synthesis and wound healing?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Vitamin D
• C. Vitamin E
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C is crucial for collagen synthesis, a process important for wound healing. Collagen is a key protein that helps in wound repair and tissue strength. Vitamin D is primarily known for its role in calcium absorption and bone health, not directly related to collagen synthesis. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage but is not directly involved in collagen synthesis. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting but does not play a major role in collagen synthesis for wound healing.

2. Causes of acute renal failure include:

• A. chronic renal failure
• B. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
• C. recurrent urinary tract infections
• D. severe injury such as extensive burns

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Severe injuries, like extensive burns, can cause acute renal failure due to shock, reduced blood flow to the kidneys, and tissue damage. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chronic renal failure, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, and recurrent urinary tract infections are more likely to contribute to chronic kidney disease rather than acute renal failure.

3. What percentage of body weight as fat does a woman with a healthy body composition typically average?

• A. 5%
• B. 15%
• C. 25%
• D. 35%

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A healthy body fat percentage for women typically ranges between 21% and 33%, with 25% being an average healthy body fat percentage. Choice A (5%) is too low for a healthy body fat percentage and is more in line with essential body fat levels. Choice B (15%) is also lower than the typical range for a healthy body fat percentage. Choice D (35%) is too high and would be considered high body fat for women.

4. In managing Type 2 diabetes, what is the most important dietary change?

• A. Increase carbohydrate intake
• B. Increase fiber intake
• C. Increase protein intake
• D. Reduce fat intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Increasing fiber intake can help regulate blood sugar levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes.

5. Which nutrient is most closely associated with the prevention of neural tube defects in a developing fetus for a woman planning to become pregnant?

• A. Calcium
• B. Folate
• C. Vitamin A
• D. Choline

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is folate. Folate, also known as Vitamin B9, is vital for the prevention of neural tube defects in the developing fetus. It is primarily responsible for the creation and repair of DNA, which is essential during rapid growth stages such as pregnancy. While nutrients like calcium, vitamin A, and choline are important for pregnancy, they are not as directly linked to preventing neural tube defects as folate. Calcium is crucial for the baby's bone and teeth development. Vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and cellular growth. Choline supports brain development and neural functioning. However, none of these nutrients have the same direct impact on preventing neural tube defects as folate.

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