ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam
1. Which vitamin acts most like a hormone?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin B
- C. Vitamin D
- D. Vitamin C
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin D. Although vitamin D, also known as calciferol, has been called a vitamin, it is more appropriately classified as a hormone. Like hormones, vitamin D acts to control the function of other cell types. For example, it helps the body absorb and regulate skeletal calcium and phosphorus levels. Choice A (Vitamin A) plays a crucial role in vision and immune function. Choice B (Vitamin B) is a complex of different vitamins that play various roles in the body. Choice D (Vitamin C) is important for collagen production and acts as an antioxidant.
2. All of the following statements are true about donning sterile gloves except:
- A. The first glove should be picked up by grasping the inside of the cuff.
- B. The second glove should be picked up by inserting the gloved fingers under the cuff outside the glove.
- C. The gloves should be adjusted by sliding the gloved fingers under the sterile cuff and pulling the glove over the wrist.
- D. The inside of the glove is considered sterile.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When donning sterile gloves, it is essential to maintain sterility. The correct way to don sterile gloves includes grasping the outside of the cuff to put on the first glove and inserting the gloved fingers under the cuff outside the glove to put on the second glove. Adjustments should be made by sliding the fingers under the sterile cuff. It is crucial to remember that once the inside of the glove is touched during the donning process, it is no longer considered sterile.
3. What is a condition where the lungs become stiff and scarred, making it difficult to breathe and get enough oxygen into the bloodstream?
- A. Pulmonary fibrosis
- B. Pulmonary edema
- C. Pulmonary embolism
- D. Pulmonary hypertension
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Pulmonary fibrosis is a condition characterized by the stiffening and scarring of the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing and impairing the transfer of oxygen into the bloodstream. Pulmonary edema refers to fluid accumulation in the lungs, causing breathing difficulties due to fluid filling the air sacs. Pulmonary embolism is a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs, often caused by a blood clot. Pulmonary hypertension is high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs, which can lead to strain on the heart and affect oxygen levels in the blood.
4. What factor is most likely to improve health outcomes in a community?
- A. Access to affordable health care
- B. Community engagement and participation
- C. Implementing health education programs
- D. Strong leadership
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Community engagement and participation play a crucial role in improving health outcomes by ensuring that interventions are relevant and supported by the community. When individuals are actively involved and engaged in health initiatives, it promotes a sense of ownership, increases awareness, and fosters collaboration within the community, ultimately leading to more effective and sustainable health outcomes.
5. What intervention should the nurse implement for a patient receiving a blood transfusion?
- A. Administer antihistamines to prevent allergic reactions.
- B. Monitor the patient for signs of circulatory overload.
- C. Ensure the blood transfusion is completed within 4 hours.
- D. Check the patient's vital signs every 30 minutes during the transfusion.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention for a patient receiving a blood transfusion is to monitor the patient for signs of circulatory overload. This is crucial to prevent fluid overload, which can lead to serious complications. Administering antihistamines is not a routine intervention during blood transfusions unless the patient shows signs of an allergic reaction. Ensuring the completion of the blood transfusion within a specific time frame is not as critical as monitoring for circulatory overload. Checking vital signs every 30 minutes is essential, but the specific focus should be on monitoring for signs of circulatory overload.
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