Nursing Elites

1. Which hormone is produced in fat tissue and helps regulate body fat by suppressing appetite?

• A. glucagon
• B. ghrelin
• C. leptin
• D. insulin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, leptin. Leptin is a hormone produced by fat cells that helps regulate energy balance by suppressing hunger, thus aiding in the regulation of body fat. Glucagon (choice A) is a hormone that raises blood glucose levels, ghrelin (choice B) stimulates appetite, and insulin (choice D) regulates blood sugar levels and promotes glucose uptake.

2. When counseling a teenager about fast food, a dental hygienist could correctly cite which of the following facts, with one exception. Which is the exception?

• A. Most fast food menus lack a rich source of vitamin A
• B. Consumer demands have driven the establishment of salads and other healthy menu items
• C. Shortages of biotin, folate, pantothenic acid, and copper are reported in fast foods
• D. Studies reveal that protein is lacking in most menu items

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D'. Fast food is generally not deficient in protein since it often contains meat, a significant source of protein. On the other hand, fast food is known to lack essential nutrients like Vitamin A and certain minerals, as mentioned in choices 'A' and 'C'. Choice 'B' is also accurate as many fast food establishments have started offering healthier options such as salads due to customer demands. Therefore, all options are true except 'D', which makes it the exception.

3. Which practice is a type of traditional Chinese medicine?

• A. magnet therapy
• B. acupuncture
• C. faith healing
• D. biofeedback

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Acupuncture is a key practice in traditional Chinese medicine. It involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body to balance energy flow and promote healing. Magnet therapy, faith healing, and biofeedback are not specifically associated with traditional Chinese medicine practices.

4. Why do older adult female clients need less iron than younger adult female clients?

• A. The need for iron decreases because older female clients produce more red blood cells.
• B. The need for iron decreases with age because older female clients carry oxygen more efficiently.
• C. The need for iron decreases with age because older female clients experience menopause.
• D. The need for iron decreases with age because older female clients exercise more.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Older adult female clients need less iron than younger adult female clients because as women go through menopause, they no longer lose blood through menstruation, leading to a reduced need for iron. Choice A is incorrect because producing more red blood cells does not directly correlate with needing less iron. Choice B is incorrect as carrying oxygen more efficiently does not necessarily decrease the need for iron. Choice D is incorrect as exercising more does not explain the decreased need for iron in older adult female clients.

5. Which is NOT a characteristic or function of lipids?

• A. Involved in energy metabolism and storage
• B. Provide insulation and protection
• C. Act as hormones that regulate the body
• D. Are hydrophilic

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Lipids are known for several functions including involvement in energy metabolism and storage (Choice A), providing insulation and protection (Choice B), and acting as hormones that regulate the body (Choice C). However, lipids are not hydrophilic (water-attracting), contrary to choice D. They are actually hydrophobic, meaning they repel water and do not mix well with it. This is a key property that differentiates them from many other biological molecules.

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