which substance is most essential for hydrolyzing large protein molecules
Logo

Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023

1. Which enzyme is most essential for hydrolyzing large protein molecules?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Pepsin, choice B, is the correct answer as it is a proteolytic enzyme that is essential for the breakdown of large protein molecules in the stomach. Gastric lipase, choice A, is incorrect because it primarily targets fats, not proteins, hence it is not involved in protein hydrolysis. Mucus, choice C, is incorrect as it serves to protect the stomach lining from acidic gastric juices and does not play a direct role in protein digestion. Intrinsic factor, choice D, is incorrect as it is vital for the absorption of Vitamin B12 in the small intestine and doesn't participate in the process of hydrolyzing proteins.

2. Each of the following describes the physiologic roles of water, except one. Which is the exception?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Water regulates body temperature by evaporating as perspiration from the skin, not by pooling. When sweat evaporates from the skin, it takes away heat, which helps cool the body. Choices A, B, and C are correct because water acts as a solvent for chemical reactions, maintains the stability of body fluids, and enables the transport of nutrients and excretion of waste, respectively.

3. The nurse cares for a hospitalized adolescent with the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Which nursing goal is a priority for this client?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the treatment of anorexia nervosa, stopping weight loss or restoring weight is a critical priority. This helps address the immediate health risks associated with severe malnutrition and supports the client's physical well-being. Encouraging effective coping skills, restoring normal eating habits, and promoting a realistic self-image are essential aspects of treatment but may come later in the care plan once the immediate risk of severe weight loss has been addressed.

4. A client who is in her second trimester of pregnancy should increase her caloric intake by how many calories during this trimester?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: During the second trimester of pregnancy, it is recommended that a client increases their caloric intake by around 340 calories per day to support the growing needs of both the mother and the developing fetus. This additional intake helps ensure the proper nutrition and energy levels required during this crucial stage of pregnancy. Option A (110 cal/day) is too low to meet the increased demands. Option B (225 cal/day) is also below the recommended amount. Option D (450 cal/day) is higher than necessary and could lead to excessive weight gain, which is not ideal during pregnancy.

5. A common comorbidity in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Malnutrition is a common comorbidity in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). This is mainly due to factors such as dietary restrictions, poor appetite, and the body's increased nutritional needs as it struggles to deal with the disease. Liver disease (Choice A) is not typically associated directly with CKD, although both conditions may coexist in some patients. Acute renal failure (Choice C) is not a comorbidity but a severe and potentially lethal progression of CKD. Difficulty breathing (Choice D) is not a comorbidity but can be a symptom of severe kidney disease or other underlying conditions. However, malnutrition is more commonly observed in CKD patients compared to difficulty breathing.

Similar Questions

Which set of guidelines is intended to assess nutrient adequacy or plan intake of a population group, not individuals?
A nurse is teaching an in-service about manifestations of hypoglycemia to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Which of the following should a patient with a history of chronic pancreatitis avoid?
A client is prescribed a 1500-calorie diet. Thirty percent of the calories are to be derived from fat. How many grams of fat should the nurse tell the client to consume per day? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
During which step of the nursing process does the nurse analyze data related to the patient's health status?

Access More Features

ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

Other Courses