which outcome has been shown to be most closely associated with breastfeeding infants of mothers who smoke

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. Which outcome has been shown to be most closely associated with breastfeeding infants of mothers who smoke?

A. poor temperature regulation
B. vision impairment
C. vomiting
D. elevated blood pressure

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: vomiting. Infants breastfed by mothers who smoke are more likely to experience vomiting and gastrointestinal issues due to the transfer of nicotine and other harmful substances through breast milk. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Poor temperature regulation, vision impairment, and elevated blood pressure are not the primary outcomes closely associated with breastfeeding infants of mothers who smoke.

2. How many words does a typical 12-month-old infant use?

A. About 12 words
B. Twenty or more words
C. About 50 words
D. Two, plus 'mama' and 'papa'

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A typical 12-month-old infant typically uses very few words, with 'mama' and 'papa' being common early words. At this age, most infants are still in the early stages of language development, and their vocabulary is limited. Choices A, B, and C suggest higher word counts which are not typical for infants at this age.

3. What is the main function of dietary fiber in managing cholesterol levels?

A. To reduce absorption of dietary fats
B. To increase cholesterol synthesis
C. To enhance protein digestion
D. To decrease cholesterol absorption

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Dietary fiber helps lower cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids and reducing cholesterol absorption.

4. What type of drug is lamivudine, used for the management of HIV infection?

A. CCR5 antagonist
B. fusion inhibitor
C. nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
D. protease inhibitor

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Lamivudine belongs to the class of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), making choice C the correct answer. NRTIs like lamivudine work by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, an essential component for the HIV virus to replicate. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because lamivudine does not function as a CCR5 antagonist, fusion inhibitor, or protease inhibitor in the management of HIV infection.

5. A client with diabetes is being taught by a nurse about the dietary source that should provide the greatest percentage of calories. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the teaching?

A. "Most of my calories each day should be from fats."?
B. "I should eat more calories from complex carbohydrates than anything else."?
C. "Simple sugars are needed more than other calorie sources."?
D. "Protein should be my main source of calories."?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is '"I should eat more calories from complex carbohydrates than anything else."?' Clients with diabetes should focus on complex carbohydrates as their primary calorie source because they have a lower impact on blood sugar levels compared to simple sugars or fats. Choice A is incorrect because a high intake of fats can lead to various health issues. Choice C is incorrect because simple sugars can cause rapid spikes in blood sugar levels. Choice D is incorrect as while protein is important, it should not be the main source of calories for someone with diabetes.