ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. Which should the nurse teach to parents regarding oral health of children? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Fluoridated water should be used.
- B. Early childhood caries is a preventable disease
- C. All options are correct
- D. Dental hygiene should begin with the first tooth eruption
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Fluoridated water helps prevent caries, early childhood caries is preventable, and dental hygiene should start with the first tooth eruption.
2. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for osteoarthritis?
- A. Older age
- B. Sports injuries
- C. Obesity
- D. Vegan diet
Correct answer: Vegan diet
Rationale:
3. What is the term that describes the inability of cardiac cells to respond to a new stimulus while they are still in contraction from a previous stimulus?
- A. Refractoriness
- B. Excitability
- C. Contractility
- D. Automaticity
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Refractoriness is the correct term to describe the inability of cardiac cells to respond to a new stimulus while they are still in contraction from a previous stimulus. This period is essential for the heart to complete its contraction and relaxation phases without interference. Excitability refers to the ability of cells to respond to stimuli, not the inability to respond. Contractility is the force of cardiac muscle contraction, and automaticity is the ability of cardiac cells to generate electrical impulses spontaneously, which are not relevant to the described scenario.
4. Nurse Joel and Ana are helping a 16-year-old Nursing Student in a case filed against the student for frustrated homicide. Nurse Joel and Ana are aware of the different circumstances of crimes. They are correct in identifying which of the following circumstances will be best applied in this case?
- A. Justifying
- B. Aggravating
- C. Mitigating
- D. Exempting
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In cases of frustrated homicide, the circumstance of 'justifying' is the most applicable. Justifying circumstances are those that exempt the individual from criminal liability because the act is considered morally right or justified under the circumstances. Aggravating circumstances would worsen the offense, mitigating circumstances would lessen the penalty, and exempting circumstances would completely excuse the individual from liability, none of which are suitable in a case of frustrated homicide.
5. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient being started on levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) for newly diagnosed Parkinson�s disease?
- A. Take medication on a full stomach
- B. Change positions slowly
- C. The drug may cause the urine to be very dilute
- D. Carbidopa has many adverse effects
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Postural hypotension is common early in treatment, so the patient should be instructed to change positions slowly. Administration with meals should be avoided, if possible, because food delays the absorption of the levodopa component. If the patient is experiencing side effects of nausea and vomiting, administration with food may be considered. The levodopa component may darken urine. Carbidopa has no adverse effects of its own.
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