Nursing Elites

1. Which is usually the only symptom of pediculosis capitis (head lice)?

• A. Itching
• B. Vesicles
• C. Scalp rash
• D. Localized inflammatory response

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Itching is typically the primary and most common symptom of pediculosis capitis due to the lice bites on the scalp.

2. When assessing an infant with intussusception, what type of stool would the nurse expect to find?

• A. Soft, seedy stool
• B. Currant-jelly stool
• C. Ribbon-like stool
• D. Soft and pasty stool

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Currant-jelly stool. This type of stool, which is red and mucous-like, is a classic sign of intussusception in infants. Choice A (Soft, seedy stool) is incorrect as it does not specifically describe the characteristic stool associated with intussusception. Choice C (Ribbon-like stool) is incorrect; ribbon-like stool may be seen in conditions like colon cancer, not intussusception. Choice D (Soft and pasty stool) is also incorrect as it does not match the typical stool finding in intussusception.

3. What is the first-line treatment for a febrile seizure in a child?

• A. Antipyretics
• B. Anticonvulsants
• C. Cooling blankets
• D. IV fluids

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Antipyretics. Febrile seizures in children are usually associated with fever. The first-line treatment aims to reduce fever, which can help prevent febrile seizures. Antipyretics like acetaminophen or ibuprofen are commonly used for this purpose. Anticonvulsants, while used for treating seizures, are not typically the first-line treatment for febrile seizures as they are usually self-limited and resolve on their own. Cooling blankets can be used to lower body temperature in cases of hyperthermia but are not the primary treatment for febrile seizures. IV fluids may be administered in cases of dehydration due to fever or if the child cannot tolerate oral intake, but they are not the first-line treatment for febrile seizures.

4. A girl, age 5 1/2 years, has been sent to the school nurse for urinary incontinence three times in the past 2 days. The nurse should recommend to her parent that the first action is to have the child evaluated for what condition?

• A. School phobia
• B. Glomerulonephritis
• C. Urinary tract infection (UTI)
• D. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Urinary tract infections are a common cause of sudden onset urinary incontinence in children. While school phobia and ADHD can cause behavioral changes, a medical condition like a UTI should be ruled out first.

5. The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a 4-month-old infant on preventing an aspiration injury. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Keep baby powder out of reach.
• B. Inspect toys for removable parts.
• C. Allow the infant to take a bottle to bed.
• D. Teething biscuits can be used for teething discomfort.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Baby powder can be inhaled by the infant and cause respiratory distress. Toys should be inspected to prevent choking hazards. Allowing an infant to take a bottle to bed can increase the risk of aspiration, and hard foods like teething biscuits should be given with caution.

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