Nursing Elites

1. What do mortality statistics describe?

• A. Disease occurring regularly within a geographic location
• B. The number of individuals who have died over a specific period
• C. The prevalence of specific illness in the population at a particular time
• D. Disease occurring in more than the number of expected cases in a community

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mortality statistics describe the number of individuals who have died over a specific period, providing insight into public health concerns.

2. What tool would be most useful to assess maternal and newborn attachment behaviors?

• A. Apgar
• B. Ballard scale
• C. NCAST (Nursing Child Assessment Satellite Training) Feeding Scale
• D. Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The NCAST Feeding Scale is the most suitable tool to evaluate maternal and newborn attachment behaviors during feedings. It focuses on observing the interaction between the parent and infant, providing insights into their bonding. The Apgar score is used to assess a neonate's immediate transition to life outside the womb, not specifically maternal and newborn attachment behaviors. The Ballard scale is used to estimate gestational age, not to assess attachment behaviors. The Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale is designed to evaluate a newborn's responses to various stimuli, not specifically maternal and newborn attachment behaviors.

3. A parent of an infant with gastroesophageal reflux asks how to decrease the number and total volume of emesis. What recommendation should the nurse include in teaching this parent?

• A. Surgical therapy is indicated.
• B. Place the infant in a prone position for sleep after feeding.
• C. Thicken feedings and enlarge the nipple hole.
• D. Reduce the frequency of feeding by encouraging larger volumes of formula.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct recommendation for decreasing the number and total volume of emesis in an infant with gastroesophageal reflux is to thicken feedings and enlarge the nipple hole. Thicker feedings can reduce the frequency and volume of emesis by making the food less likely to be regurgitated. Enlarging the nipple hole helps ensure the thickened feedings can pass through. Surgical therapy (Choice A) is not the initial recommendation for managing gastroesophageal reflux in infants. Placing the infant in a prone position for sleep after feeding (Choice B) is not recommended due to the increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Reducing the frequency of feeding by encouraging larger volumes of formula (Choice D) can exacerbate the reflux symptoms.

4. In children with Type 1 diabetes, what is a common early sign of hypoglycemia?

• A. Irritability
• B. Rapid heartbeat
• C. Confusion
• D. Sweating

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sweating is indeed one of the earliest signs of hypoglycemia in children with Type 1 diabetes. When blood sugar levels drop too low, the body releases stress hormones like adrenaline, which can lead to sweating. While irritability, rapid heartbeat, and confusion can also be seen in hypoglycemia, sweating is particularly common as a quick indicator of low blood sugar levels in children with Type 1 diabetes.

5. The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parent of a 9-month-old infant during a well-baby visit. Which topic would be most appropriate?

• A. Cautioning about putting the infant in a walker
• B. Advising how to create a toddler-safe home
• C. Instructing on safety procedures during baths
• D. Warning about leaving small objects on the floor

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because at 9 months, infants become more mobile, increasing the risk of choking hazards from small objects left on the floor. Cautioning about putting the infant in a walker (Choice A) is not as crucial at this age as warning about choking hazards. While advising how to create a toddler-safe home (Choice B) is essential, the most critical concern at 9 months is small objects. Instructing on safety procedures during baths (Choice C) is important but does not address the immediate risk of choking hazards associated with small objects.

Similar Questions