Nursing Elites

1. Which parental statement at the end of a teaching session by the nurse indicates correct understanding of colostomy stoma care for the infant client?

• A. We will change the colostomy bag with each wet diaper.
• B. We will expect a moderate amount of bleeding after cleansing the area around the stoma.
• C. We will watch for skin irritation around the stoma.
• D. We will use adhesive enhancers when we change the bag.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Choosing option C, 'We will watch for skin irritation around the stoma,' demonstrates understanding of proper colostomy stoma care. Monitoring for skin irritation is crucial as it can indicate issues such as leakage, improper sealing, or infection. Options A, B, and D are incorrect. Changing the colostomy bag with each wet diaper (option A) is unnecessary unless indicated by a healthcare provider to prevent skin breakdown. Expecting bleeding after cleansing (option B) is not normal and may signal a problem that requires medical attention. Using adhesive enhancers (option D) should be done based on specific recommendations and not necessarily with every bag change.

2. The healthcare provider is providing care to a child who was treated with aspirin during a viral infection. Which clinical manifestations should cause the healthcare provider concern?

• A. Nausea, vomiting, and confusion
• B. Headache, vomiting, and seizures
• C. Sore throat, moist respirations, and cough
• D. Fever, rash, and photophobia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and confusion are concerning as they are indicative of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition associated with aspirin use in children during viral illnesses. Reye's syndrome can lead to severe complications, including brain and liver damage, hence prompt recognition and management are crucial.

3. What important information should the nurse provide to a patient taking a tetracycline antibiotic?

• A. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
• B. Avoid exposure to sunlight and tanning beds.
• C. Do not take the medication with milk or other dairy products.
• D. The medication may cause permanent staining of your teeth.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Tetracycline antibiotics can bind to calcium in dairy products, decreasing the absorption of the antibiotic. This may result in reduced effectiveness of the medication. Additionally, tetracycline antibiotics can cause permanent staining of teeth, especially in children below 8 years of age and in pregnant women. Therefore, it is crucial for the patient to be aware of this potential side effect and to discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because tetracycline antibiotics should be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal upset, exposure to sunlight is not a significant concern with tetracycline antibiotics, and the issue with dairy products is related to calcium binding and reduced absorption rather than an issue of empty stomach intake.

4. A parent of a child with cerebral palsy is being taught about home care by a healthcare provider. Which statement by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I will perform range-of-motion exercises twice a day.
• B. I will apply a heating pad on my child's legs to reduce spasms.
• C. I will allow my child to rest in a recliner for 1 hour each day.
• D. I will use wrist splints to maintain alignment.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Using wrist splints can help maintain alignment and prevent contractures in a child with cerebral palsy. This intervention is crucial in managing the condition and supporting the child's mobility and function.

5. Which statement best describes the recommended approach to increase participation as the focus of intervention with children and youth?

• A. Remediate areas of concern and the child's limitations
• B. Intervene with family and friends to interact differently with the child
• C. Promote the child's strengths and allow the child to accommodate challenges
• D. Evaluate the child's areas of competence and achievement, along with challenges

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The recommended approach to intervention with children and youth focuses on evaluating the child's areas of competence and achievement, along with challenges. By understanding the child's strengths and competencies, interventions can be tailored to build upon these existing positive attributes. This approach fosters a positive self-image and encourages further development by capitalizing on the child's strengths.

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