Nursing Elites

1. A parent of a preschooler is being taught by a nurse about administering ear drops. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I will straighten my child's ear canal by pulling it upward and backward.
• B. I will administer the ear drops immediately after removing them from the refrigerator.
• C. I will pull the ear lobe down and back before administering the ear drops.
• D. I will massage my child's ear after administering the ear drops.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Correct administration of ear drops includes massaging the child's ear after administering the drops to facilitate proper absorption of the medication. This action helps ensure the effectiveness of the treatment. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A describes incorrect positioning of the ear canal, choice B mentions incorrect storage of the ear drops, and choice C describes an incorrect technique for administering ear drops.

2. A parent of a child with cystic fibrosis is being taught about dietary guidelines. Which statement by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. My child should eat a high-calorie, high-protein diet.
• B. My child should avoid eating eggs.
• C. My child should follow a low-fat, low-sodium diet.
• D. My child should follow a high-fiber, high-protein diet.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. For a child with cystic fibrosis, a high-calorie, high-protein diet is recommended to meet the increased metabolic needs associated with the condition. The protein helps with growth and repair, while the extra calories help compensate for malabsorption and increased energy requirements. Choice B is incorrect because eggs are a good source of protein and essential nutrients unless the child has a specific allergy. Choice C is incorrect as a low-fat, low-sodium diet is not typically recommended for children with cystic fibrosis who need higher calorie and fat intake. Choice D is incorrect because while a high-protein diet is beneficial, a high-fiber diet may not be suitable for a child with cystic fibrosis due to potential gastrointestinal issues.

3. Which assessment finding for a 4-month-old infant would require further action by the nurse?

• A. The posterior fontanel is open.
• B. The infant has good head control when held upright.
• C. The infant is able to roll only from abdomen to back.
• D. The anterior fontanel is open and soft.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The posterior fontanel should be closed by 4 months of age. An open posterior fontanel at this age may indicate a delay in normal closure, which could be a cause for concern and require further evaluation by the healthcare provider to ensure proper development and growth. Choices B, C, and D are typical developmental milestones for a 4-month-old infant and do not raise immediate concerns requiring further action by the nurse.

4. Which of the following is not considered a part of body language?

• A. Mannerisms
• B. Speech
• C. Posture
• D. Position

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Body language encompasses non-verbal communication cues such as mannerisms, posture, and position. Speech, although a form of communication, is not typically classified as part of body language. Body language mainly refers to gestures, facial expressions, and body movements, which convey messages non-verbally.

5. Which level nursery classifications are housed in institutions that can provide on-site surgical repair of serious congenital or acquired malformations?

• A. Level III
• B. Level I
• C. Level IV
• D. Level II

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Level IV. Level IV nurseries are equipped to provide the highest level of care, including complex surgical interventions for serious congenital or acquired malformations. These nurseries have the necessary resources and expertise to manage critical cases effectively. Choice A: Level III nurseries provide advanced care for moderately ill newborns but may not have the capacity for on-site surgical repair of serious malformations. Choice B: Level I nurseries offer basic care for healthy newborns and those with minor issues, lacking the resources for surgical interventions. Choice D: Level II nurseries can manage moderately ill newborns but may not have the capability for complex surgical interventions like Level IV nurseries.

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