which of the following statements is least likely to be made by a humanist

ATI RN

Exam 4 Psychology

1. Which of the following statements is least likely to be made by a humanist?

A. Humans are unique.
B. The behavior of humans tends to be influenced by environmental circumstances.
C. Humans have a basic need to fulfill their potentials.
D. Research on animals has little relevance to understanding human behavior.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The corrected question assesses the least likely statement made by a humanist. Choice B, 'The behavior of humans tends to be influenced by environmental circumstances,' is least likely to be made by a humanist. Humanists believe that human behavior is not simply dictated by environmental circumstances but is influenced by a combination of factors, including personal experiences, emotions, and conscious decisions. Choices A, C, and D are more aligned with humanist perspectives. Choice A acknowledges the uniqueness of humans, which is a common theme in humanistic psychology. Choice C reflects the humanistic belief that individuals strive to reach their full potential and self-actualization. Choice D contrasts with humanist views as humanists often consider research on animals to be relevant in understanding human behavior due to shared basic psychological processes.

2. What does the genetic study of identical twins reared apart help to clarify?

A. Differences in brain function
B. Genetic influence on behavior
C. Interaction between genetics and environment
D. The role of environmental factors alone

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Interaction between genetics and environment.' The genetic study of identical twins reared apart helps in understanding how both genetics and environment play a role in shaping an individual's traits and behaviors. This type of study allows researchers to tease apart the effects of genetic inheritance from those of environmental influences. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the study of identical twins reared apart specifically focuses on the interplay between genetics and environment, rather than solely on differences in brain function, genetic influence on behavior, or the role of environmental factors alone.

3. What is the biopsychosocial model, and why is it important?

A. A model that integrates biological, psychological, and social factors.
B. A model that focuses solely on biological factors.
C. A model that excludes social factors.
D. A model that focuses solely on psychological factors.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The biopsychosocial model is a model that integrates biological, psychological, and social factors. It is important because it recognizes the interconnectedness of these factors in influencing an individual's mental health. Option B is incorrect because the biopsychosocial model does not focus solely on biological factors. Option C is incorrect as the model does not exclude social factors. Option D is incorrect as the model does not focus solely on psychological factors.

4. What role does culture play in the development of psychopathology?

A. Culture has little impact on psychopathology.
B. Culture is crucial in understanding the development of psychopathology.
C. Culture has a moderate impact on the development of psychopathology.
D. Culture determines the onset of psychopathology.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Culture is crucial in understanding the development of psychopathology. It influences beliefs, norms, values, and behaviors, which can significantly impact the manifestation and understanding of psychopathological conditions. Choice A is incorrect because culture does have a substantial impact on psychopathology. Choice C is not as strong as choice B in emphasizing the significance of culture. Choice D is incorrect as culture is one of many factors influencing the onset of psychopathology, not the sole determinant.

5. Gabriel is depressed as he has been looking for a job for the past year without success. Today, his best friend tried to give him two books on job interviews, but he turned down the offer. What concept best explains his reaction?

A. Observational learning
B. Insight learning
C. Learned helplessness
D. Modeling

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Gabriel's reaction of turning down the offer of job interview books from his friend despite being depressed and unsuccessful in job hunting best fits the concept of learned helplessness. Learned helplessness occurs when individuals believe they have no control over their situation, leading to passivity and feelings of helplessness. In this case, Gabriel's refusal of the books indicates a sense of resignation and belief that his efforts in finding a job will not be successful, reflecting learned helplessness. Observational learning, insight learning, and modeling do not directly align with Gabriel's reaction in this context.