the hepatitis a vaccine is now recommended for the first dose started at what age
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children Final ATI

1. At what age is the first dose of the hepatitis A vaccine recommended to be started?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1 year. The hepatitis A vaccine is now recommended for all children starting at age 1 year (i.e., 12 to 23 months). This is due to the recognition of hepatitis A as a significant child health problem, especially in areas with high infection rates. The virus is primarily spread through fecal-oral transmission, person-to-person contact, ingestion of contaminated food or water, and rarely through blood transfusion. Administering the first dose at 1 year helps protect children from this infection. Choices B and C are incorrect as the vaccine is not recommended at 1 month or 12 years. Choice D is also incorrect as the hepatitis A vaccine is recommended at a specific age to prevent the infection.

2. The mother of a 6-month-old infant has returned to work and is expressing breast milk to be frozen. She asks for directions on how to safely thaw the breast milk in the microwave. What should the nurse recommend?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Thawing or heating breast milk in a microwave is not recommended because it can create hot spots that may burn the infant and destroy essential nutrients.

3. The nurse is taking a sexual history on an adolescent girl. Which is the best way to determine whether she is sexually active?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Directly asking the adolescent if she is sexually active is the most straightforward and respectful approach, ensuring privacy and fostering trust.

4. The nurse is preparing to perform a physical assessment on a 10-year-old girl. The nurse gives her the option of her mother staying in the room or leaving. This action should be considered which?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: It is appropriate to give a 10-year-old the choice of having a parent present or not during an exam, respecting the child's growing need for privacy.

5. A child is hospitalized in acute renal failure and has a serum potassium greater than 7 mEq/L. What temporary measures that will produce a rapid but transient effect to reduce the potassium should the nurse expect to be prescribed? (Select all that apply.)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Calcium gluconate, sodium bicarbonate, and glucose with insulin are used as temporary measures to rapidly reduce serum potassium levels. They help shift potassium into cells and stabilize the heart but do not remove potassium from the body like dialysis does.

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