Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an adverse effect of Lithium Carbonate that requires client education?

• A. Increased risk of infection
• B. Gastrointestinal distress
• C. Increased white blood cell count
• D. Nausea and vomiting

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gastrointestinal distress. When taking Lithium Carbonate, clients may experience gastrointestinal distress as an adverse effect. It is crucial to educate clients about this potential side effect to help them manage it effectively. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increased risk of infection (Choice A) is not a typical adverse effect of Lithium Carbonate. Similarly, increased white blood cell count (Choice C) is not associated with this medication's adverse effects. Nausea and vomiting (Choice D) are general side effects of many medications but are not specifically attributed to Lithium Carbonate.

2. When teaching a patient with a new prescription for brimonidine to treat open-angle glaucoma, what indicates an understanding of the instructions?

• A. I can expect my vision to improve quickly
• B. I should use it only when my eyes are irritated
• C. I can expect to feel some irritation when I put these drops in my eyes
• D. I will need regular eye exams

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. When using brimonidine to treat open-angle glaucoma, patients may experience temporary irritation in the eyes. Choice A is incorrect because vision improvement from brimonidine is not immediate. Choice B is incorrect as brimonidine should be used as prescribed, not just when eyes are irritated. Choice D is important but does not directly indicate an understanding of the medication's use.

3. A healthcare professional is reviewing the medical records of a client who has a pressure ulcer. Which of the following findings should the professional expect?

• A. Albumin level of 3
• B. Hemoglobin of 12
• C. Normal skin moisture
• D. No signs of infection

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Albumin level of 3. A low albumin level indicates poor nutrition, which can contribute to the development of pressure ulcers. Choice B, Hemoglobin of 12, is within the normal range and is not directly associated with pressure ulcers. Choice C, Normal skin moisture, does not provide specific information related to pressure ulcers. Choice D, No signs of infection, while important, is not a direct finding associated with pressure ulcers.

4. Which question is essential during screening for alcohol use disorder?

• A. What is your current employment status?
• B. Have you experienced any blackouts or loss of consciousness?
• C. Have you been sleeping well over the past month?
• D. Do you have a family history of substance use?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The essential question during screening for alcohol use disorder is asking about blackouts or loss of consciousness, which can be indicative of excessive drinking and related to alcohol use disorder. Choices A, C, and D are not as directly related to screening for alcohol use disorder. Employment status (Choice A) is not a primary question in alcohol use disorder screening. Sleep quality (Choice C) and family history of substance use (Choice D) may be relevant but are not as crucial as inquiring about blackouts or loss of consciousness.

5. A nurse is preparing a client for surgery. Which of the following actions should be taken first?

• A. Ensure informed consent is signed
• B. Start IV fluids
• C. Administer preoperative antibiotics
• D. Reinforce surgical site dressing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to ensure informed consent is signed first when preparing a client for surgery. This step is crucial as it ensures that the client has been informed about the procedure, risks, benefits, and alternatives before giving consent. Starting IV fluids (choice B) may be necessary but comes after obtaining informed consent. Administering preoperative antibiotics (choice C) is important but typically follows confirming informed consent. Reinforcing surgical site dressing (choice D) is a postoperative step and does not take precedence over obtaining informed consent.

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