Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a key aspect of transformational leadership?

• A. Maintaining the status quo
• B. Encouraging innovation
• C. Focus on short-term goals
• D. Top-down communication

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encouraging innovation. Transformational leadership is characterized by inspiring and motivating team members to think creatively, embrace change, and strive for continuous improvement. Choice A is incorrect as transformational leaders seek to challenge the status quo rather than maintain it. Choice C is incorrect because transformational leadership emphasizes long-term vision and goals rather than short-term objectives. Choice D is incorrect as transformational leadership promotes open, two-way communication rather than top-down communication.

2. Which of the following laws govern nursing practice?

• A. Statutory laws
• B. Common laws
• C. Administrative laws
• D. Constitutional laws

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Statutory laws govern nursing practice. These laws are enacted by legislative bodies and regulate various aspects of nursing practice, including licensure requirements, scope of practice, and patient care standards. Common laws, administrative laws, and constitutional laws may also impact nursing practice, but statutory laws specifically outline the legal framework for nursing professionals to follow. Common laws are based on court decisions and precedents, not specific to nursing practice. Administrative laws deal with regulations set by administrative agencies. Constitutional laws relate to the fundamental rights and principles outlined in the constitution, not specifically governing nursing practice.

3. The manager of a medical-surgical unit is very task-motivated. Using Fiedler's Contingency Theory, under what circumstances would the manager be most effective?

• A. Only during highly stressful situations.
• B. When there is little to no stress.
• C. Under highly structured situations.
• D. When the situation is loosely structured.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to Fiedler's Contingency Theory, task-motivated managers are most effective under highly structured situations. This is because in such environments, where priorities are clear and tasks are well-defined, task-oriented managers can excel in organizing and accomplishing objectives efficiently. Choices A and B are incorrect because the effectiveness of a task-motivated manager is not solely linked to stress levels but rather to the structure of the situation. Choice D is also incorrect as a loosely structured situation would not provide the clarity and direction that a task-motivated manager thrives in.

4. How does decision making differ from problem solving?

• A. Decision making always involves selecting from a set of alternatives.
• B. Problem solving always involves selecting one of several alternatives.
• C. Problem solving never involves decision making.
• D. Decision making always involves solving a problem.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because decision making always involves selecting from a set of alternatives, while problem solving involves diagnosing a problem. Option B is incorrect as problem solving involves diagnosing a problem rather than selecting one of several alternatives. Option C is incorrect because decision making is often a part of problem-solving processes. Option D is incorrect as decision making may involve selecting from alternatives, not necessarily solving a problem.

5. Which of the following best defines the role of a nurse practitioner (NP)?

• A. Provide direct patient care under the supervision of a physician
• B. Diagnose and treat medical conditions independently
• C. Assist with administrative tasks in a healthcare setting
• D. Specialize in a specific area of nursing practice

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Diagnose and treat medical conditions independently.' Nurse practitioners (NPs) are advanced practice registered nurses who are qualified to diagnose and treat medical conditions without direct supervision from a physician. Choice A is incorrect because NPs have the autonomy to provide care independently. Choice C is incorrect as NPs focus on clinical care rather than administrative tasks. Choice D is incorrect as specializing in a specific area of nursing practice refers to a different aspect of advanced nursing roles, such as becoming a clinical nurse specialist.

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