ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. Which of the following clusters of data belong to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
- A. Love and belonging
- B. Physiological needs
- C. Self-actualization
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology that categorizes human needs into five levels: physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness, esteem needs, and self-actualization. 'Love and belonging' corresponds to the third level, 'Physiological needs' to the first level, and 'Self-actualization' to the highest level. Therefore, all the clusters listed in the choices are part of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Selecting 'All of the above' (option D) is the correct answer as it includes all the clusters associated with Maslow's theory.
2. Nonverbal messages in communication, including body language and environmental factors, are called ___________.
- A. lateral communication
- B. upward communication
- C. metacommunications
- D. downward communication
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Nonverbal messages in communication, such as body language and environmental factors, are termed metacommunications. Choice A, lateral communication, refers to communication between individuals or groups on the same hierarchical level. Choice B, upward communication, involves the flow of information from lower levels to higher levels in an organization. Choice D, downward communication, relates to the transmission of information from higher levels to lower levels within an organization. Therefore, the correct term for nonverbal messages in communication is metacommunications.
3. A nurse is assessing a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Crackles in the lung bases
- C. Dependent edema
- D. Productive cough
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Dependent edema is a common finding in clients with pneumonia due to fluid retention and decreased mobility. Bradycardia (Choice A) is not typically associated with pneumonia. Crackles in the lung bases (Choice B) are more commonly heard in conditions like heart failure or pulmonary edema. A productive cough (Choice D) can be seen in pneumonia but is not as specific as dependent edema.
4. A tension pneumothorax requires a needle thoracostomy and/or chest tube placement as treatment to which component of the pathophysiology of the condition?
- A. An accumulation of blood in the pleural space, which makes it difficult for the lungs to exchange gases.
- B. Extreme pain caused by a fractured rib
- C. A large accumulation of trapped air in the pleural space affecting both the lungs and heart.
- D. Sudden failure of the respiratory system due to fluid accumulation in the alveoli
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A tension pneumothorax is characterized by a large accumulation of trapped air in the pleural space, creating pressure that affects both the lungs and heart. This condition can lead to life-threatening consequences by shifting mediastinal structures and impairing cardiac function. Treatment involves decompressing the trapped air to relieve the tension. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not describe the primary pathophysiological mechanism of tension pneumothorax, which is the accumulation of air in the pleural space, not blood, rib fractures, or alveolar fluid accumulation.
5. One important contribution of Freud's theory was that ________.
- A. he truly understood the role of women in society.
- B. he heavily utilized experimental evidence to support his theories.
- C. he applied the same principles to normal and abnormal behavior.
- D. he increased the focus on positive growth for individuals.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Freud's important contribution was that he applied the same principles to both normal and abnormal behavior. This approach allowed for a comprehensive understanding of human behavior without creating a rigid distinction between normal and abnormal psychology. Choice A is incorrect because Freud's theory did not primarily focus on the role of women in society. Choice B is incorrect as Freud's theories were largely based on clinical observations and case studies rather than experimental evidence. Choice D is incorrect as Freud's theory emphasized the unconscious mind and conflicts rather than solely focusing on positive growth for individuals.