Nursing Elites

1. What is a key role of community health nurses?

• A. Conducting health screenings
• B. Developing health policies
• C. Advocating for health policy changes
• D. Providing emergency care

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A key role of community health nurses is advocating for health policy changes to address community health issues. By advocating for policy changes, community health nurses help promote better health outcomes for the population they serve.

2. Which best describes a primary role of nurses in promoting community health?

• A. Conducting individual health assessments
• B. Advocating for health policy changes
• C. Providing health education to groups
• D. Developing health policies

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A primary role of nurses in promoting community health involves advocating for health policy changes. By advocating for policy changes, nurses can address systemic issues that impact the health of the community as a whole, rather than focusing solely on individual assessments or education. This proactive approach allows nurses to influence broader health determinants and create sustainable improvements in community health outcomes.

3. Which statement is incorrect regarding an informed consent signed by a patient?

• A. The nurse is responsible for obtaining the consent for surgery
• B. Patients under 18 years of age may need a parent or legal guardian to sign a consent form
• C. The nurse can witness the client signing the consent form
• D. It is the nurse's responsibility to ensure the patient has been educated by the physician about the procedure before informed consent is obtained

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement 'The nurse is responsible for obtaining the consent for surgery' is incorrect. The responsibility of obtaining informed consent for surgery lies with the physician or surgeon performing the procedure. Nurses can assist in the process by witnessing the client signing the consent form, ensuring the patient is educated about the procedure by the physician, and verifying that the consent process is voluntary and informed. For patients under 18 years of age, a parent or legal guardian typically needs to sign the consent form on behalf of the minor, as they are not legally able to provide consent themselves.

4. In which declaration was the concept of Primary Health Care discussed?

• A. Alma Ata Declaration
• B. Declaration of Helsinki
• C. Declaration of Human Rights
• D. Declaration of Ottawa

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The concept of Primary Health Care was discussed in the Alma Ata Declaration. The Alma Ata Declaration, adopted at the International Conference on Primary Health Care in Alma Ata, Kazakhstan, in 1978, emphasized the importance of primary health care in achieving Health for All by the year 2000. This declaration promoted a comprehensive approach to health care that is essential, accessible, acceptable, and affordable to individuals and communities. It highlighted the significance of addressing social, economic, and environmental determinants of health to achieve better health outcomes for all.

5. In value-based care, which equation represents the focus on achieving the best outcomes relative to cost?

• A. Cost X Quality
• B. Cost X Quality/Consumer satisfaction
• C. Quality/Cost
• D. Fee for service/discount rate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Value-based care aims to deliver the highest quality of care while efficiently managing costs. The equation Quality/Cost represents this focus by emphasizing achieving superior outcomes relative to the resources invested.

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