Nursing Elites

1. Which congenital heart defect causes a "boot-shaped" heart on a chest x-ray?

• A. Tetralogy of Fallot
• B. Coarctation of the aorta
• C. Transposition of the great arteries
• D. Ventricular septal defect

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect with four distinct abnormalities, often presents with a "boot-shaped" heart on chest x-ray due to right ventricular hypertrophy. This characteristic finding is due to the specific combination of defects in this condition. Coarctation of the aorta (choice B), Transposition of the great arteries (choice C), and Ventricular septal defect (choice D) do not typically result in a "boot-shaped" heart on a chest x-ray like Tetralogy of Fallot does.

2. The nurse is preparing to admit a 7-year-old child with Crohn disease. What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

• A. Pain is common.
• B. Weight loss is severe.
• C. All are correct.
• D. Diarrhea is moderate to severe.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because Crohn's disease commonly presents with pain, severe weight loss, and moderate to severe diarrhea in affected individuals. Therefore, all the manifestations listed are typically observed in patients with Crohn's disease. Choice A alone is not sufficient as weight loss and diarrhea are also prominent symptoms. Choice B is incorrect as it only mentions weight loss, omitting other common manifestations. Choice D is also incorrect as it does not cover the full range of expected clinical signs in Crohn's disease.

3. What signs and symptoms are indicative of a urinary tract disorder in the infancy period (1-24 months)? (Select all that apply.)

• A. All below
• B. Poor feeding
• C. Hypothermia
• D. Frequent urination

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In infants, urinary tract disorders may present with poor feeding, hypothermia, and frequent urination. Pallor can be associated with other conditions but is less specific to urinary tract disorders.

4. Kimberly is having a checkup before starting kindergarten. The nurse asks her to do the “finger-to-nose test.” What is the purpose of this test?

• A. Deep tendon reflexes
• B. Cerebellar function
• C. Sensory discrimination
• D. Ability to follow directions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The finger-to-nose test assesses cerebellar function, which is responsible for balance and coordination. The test evaluates how well the cerebellum controls motor functions and coordination. Choice A, deep tendon reflexes, is incorrect because this test does not assess reflexes but rather cerebellar function. Choice C, sensory discrimination, is incorrect as this test focuses on motor function rather than sensory abilities. Choice D, ability to follow directions, is incorrect since the test primarily assesses motor coordination and not cognitive skills related to following instructions.

5. What is the best age to introduce solid food into an infant’s diet?

• A. 2 to 3 months
• B. 4 to 6 months
• C. When birth weight has tripled
• D. When tooth eruption has started

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The introduction of solid foods is recommended at 4 to 6 months when the infant's digestive system is more developed and ready for solids.

Similar Questions