ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. The nurse discovers welts on the back of a Vietnamese child during a home health visit. The child's mother says she has rubbed the edge of a coin on her child's oiled skin. The nurse should recognize this as what?
- A. Child abuse
- B. Cultural practice to rid the body of disease
- C. Cultural practice to treat enuresis or temper tantrums
- D. Child discipline measure common in the Vietnamese culture
Correct answer: B
Rationale: This practice, known as "coining," is a cultural method believed to rid the body of illness and is not indicative of child abuse.
2. A mother tells the nurse that she does not want her infant immunized because of the discomfort associated with injections. What should the nurse explain?
- A. This cannot be prevented
- B. Infants do not feel pain as adults do
- C. This is not a good reason for refusing
- D. A topical anesthetic can be applied
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should explain that a topical anesthetic can be applied to the injection site before the immunization to reduce discomfort.
3. The nurse is preparing to feed a 10-month-old child diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT). Which actions should the nurse plan to implement?
- A. Be persistent.
- B. Introduce new foods slowly.
- C. All are correct
- D. Maintain a calm, even temperament.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Persistence in feeding, introducing new foods slowly, and maintaining a calm temperament are key strategies in managing FTT. A stimulating atmosphere may overwhelm the child and should be minimized during feeding times.
4. The parent of a 1-month-old infant voices concern about the infant’s respirations. The parent states the respirations are rapid and irregular. Which information should the nurse provide?
- A. The normal respiratory rate for an infant at this age is between 20 and 30 breaths per minute.
- B. The respirations of a 1-month-old infant are normally irregular and periodically pause.
- C. An infant at this age should have regular respirations.
- D. The irregularity of the infant's respirations is concerning; I will notify the health care provider.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Irregular respirations with periodic pauses are normal in a 1-month-old infant. Choice A is incorrect because the normal respiratory rate for an infant at this age is higher than the range provided. Choice C is incorrect as irregular respirations are expected in infants. Choice D is not appropriate as irregular respirations with periodic pauses are a normal finding in young infants and do not necessarily indicate a concern that requires immediate notification of the healthcare provider.
5. According to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, the school-age child is in which stage?
- A. Industry vs. inferiority
- B. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
- C. Identity vs. role diffusion
- D. Trust vs. mistrust
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Industry vs. inferiority.' According to Erikson’s theory, school-age children (approximately 6-12 years old) are in the stage of industry vs. inferiority. In this stage, children focus on developing a sense of competence and productivity. Choice B, 'Autonomy vs. shame and doubt,' is incorrect as it refers to the stage that occurs during early childhood (1-3 years old). Choice C, 'Identity vs. role diffusion,' pertains to adolescence (12-18 years old). Choice D, 'Trust vs. mistrust,' is related to the stage of infancy (0-1 year old). Therefore, option A is the most appropriate stage for school-age children in Erikson's theory.
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