ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. Which breakfast item should be recommended for a vegan adolescent to combine protein?
- A. Bagel with cream cheese
- B. Wheat toast with jelly
- C. Oatmeal pancakes with peanut butter
- D. Eggs with tofu bacon
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Oatmeal pancakes with peanut butter provide a protein combination suitable for a vegan diet.
2. In PEM, which condition is characterized by symptoms such as muscle weakness, hanging skin, delayed tooth eruption, and changes in saliva?
- A. Marasmus
- B. Kwashiorkor
- C. Anemia
- D. Noma
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Marasmus. Marasmus is a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) that leads to muscle wasting, hanging skin, delayed growth, and changes in saliva. These symptoms are commonly seen in vulnerable populations such as children, homeless individuals, older adults, and substance abusers. Kwashiorkor, on the other hand, is characterized by edema, a distended belly, and skin lesions. Anemia is a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count, leading to fatigue and weakness. Noma is a severe infection affecting the face, particularly the mouth and jaw area.
3. Nurse Minette needs to schedule a first home visit to OB client Leah. When is a first home-care visit typically made?
- A. Within 4 days after discharge
- B. Within 24 hours after discharge
- C. Within 1 hour after discharge
- D. Within 1 week of discharge
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
4. A patient following a vegetarian diet might be at risk for deficiency in which nutrient?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin B12
- C. Vitamin A
- D. Vitamin D
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, so vegetarians may need supplementation.
5. When carbohydrates are eliminated from the diet to lose weight, which nutrients are most likely to become insufficient?
- A. Iron, fiber, and protein
- B. Iron, fiber, and vitamin K
- C. Vitamin A and vitamin C
- D. Iron, fiber, and B vitamins
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Iron, fiber, and B vitamins are most likely to become insufficient when carbohydrates are eliminated from the diet to lose weight. Carbohydrates are a primary source of B vitamins and fiber in the diet. Iron can also be obtained from plant-based sources like legumes and whole grains, which are often eliminated when carbohydrates are restricted. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because protein, vitamin K, vitamin A, and vitamin C are not primarily sourced from carbohydrates and are less likely to become insufficient solely due to carbohydrate elimination.