which best describes signs and symptoms as part of a nursing diagnosis
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children Final ATI

1. Which best describes signs and symptoms as part of a nursing diagnosis?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Signs and symptoms are cues and clusters derived from patient assessments that are used to form a nursing diagnosis, guiding the development of a care plan.

2. Apgar scoring is conducted at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth. It is used to determine:

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Apgar score assesses a newborn's physical condition immediately after birth by evaluating heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex response, and color. Therefore, the correct answer is A. The other choices are incorrect because B) the Apgar score does not predict future intelligence, C) it does not measure parent and newborn interaction, and D) it is not used to determine gestational age.

3. The nurse is discussing toddler development with a parent. Which intervention will foster the achievement of autonomy?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Encouraging the toddler to do things for themselves when capable is the correct intervention to foster autonomy. This approach helps the toddler develop independence, self-confidence, and a sense of achievement. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on assisting rather than encouraging independence. Choice C is incorrect as playing with other children primarily fosters social skills, not necessarily autonomy. Choice D is incorrect as learning the difference between right and wrong is related to moral development, not autonomy.

4. The nurse is caring for an adolescent who has just started dialysis. The child always seems angry, hostile, or depressed. The nurse should recognize that this is most likely related to what underlying cause?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Adolescents may feel anger and depression due to the loss of independence and control over their lives, which is imposed by the need for regular dialysis treatments. This reaction is common as they struggle with the restrictions placed on their social and personal lives.

5. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect in a child diagnosed with nephroblastoma?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Nephroblastoma, also known as Wilms' tumor, often causes hypertension due to its impact on the kidney, which plays a role in regulating blood pressure. Atrial fibrillation (choice A) and endocarditis (choice B) are not typically associated with nephroblastoma. Hyperlipidemia (choice C) is also not a common clinical manifestation of nephroblastoma.

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