ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. Urinary tract anomalies are frequently associated with what irregularities in fetal development?
- A. Myelomeningocele
- B. Cardiovascular anomalies
- C. Malformed or low-set ears
- D. Defects in lower extremities
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Malformed or low-set ears are often associated with congenital urinary tract anomalies, as both the ears and kidneys develop around the same time during fetal growth. Myelomeningocele, cardiovascular anomalies, and lower extremity defects are less commonly associated with UT anomalies.
2. A client on glucocorticoid therapy is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I have my eyes examined annually.
- B. I take a calcium vitamin supplement daily.
- C. I limit my intake of foods with potassium.
- D. I consistently take my medication between 8 and 9 each evening.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Taking a calcium supplement daily is crucial for clients on glucocorticoid therapy to prevent osteoporosis, a common side effect of long-term use. Choice A is unrelated to glucocorticoid therapy. Choice C, limiting potassium intake, is not necessary for clients on glucocorticoids. Choice D, taking medication consistently in the evening, is important but does not specifically address the side effects of glucocorticoid therapy.
3. How should a healthcare professional care for a patient with a stage 2 pressure ulcer?
- A. Clean the area with normal saline
- B. Apply antibiotic ointment
- C. Use a hydrocolloid dressing
- D. Change the dressing daily
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Using a hydrocolloid dressing is the appropriate care for a stage 2 pressure ulcer because it provides a moist healing environment, promotes healing, and helps to prevent infection. Cleaning the area with normal saline (Choice A) is important but not the primary treatment for a stage 2 pressure ulcer. Applying antibiotic ointment (Choice B) may not be necessary unless there is a sign of infection. Changing the dressing daily (Choice D) may disrupt the healing process and is not recommended unless the dressing is soiled or compromised.
4. A healthcare provider in an emergency unit is reviewing the medical record of a client who is being evaluated for angle-closure glaucoma. Which of the following findings are indicative of this condition?
- A. Insidious onset of painless loss of vision
- B. Gradual reduction in peripheral vision
- C. Severe pain around the eyes
- D. Intraocular pressure of 12mm Hg
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Severe pain around the eyes that radiates over the face is a characteristic symptom of acute angle-closure glaucoma. This intense pain is typically accompanied by other symptoms such as blurred vision, halos around lights, redness in the eye, and sometimes nausea and vomiting. The acute rise in intraocular pressure leads to these symptoms, indicating a medical emergency that requires immediate attention to prevent vision loss. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Insidious onset of painless loss of vision is more suggestive of conditions like age-related macular degeneration or diabetic retinopathy. Gradual reduction in peripheral vision is commonly seen in conditions like open-angle glaucoma. An intraocular pressure of 12mm Hg is within the normal range and not indicative of the acute rise seen in angle-closure glaucoma.
5. Which goal of the client’s care should take priority during the first days of hospitalization for an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?
- A. Promoting self-care and independence
- B. Managing diarrhea
- C. Maintaining adequate nutrition
- D. Promoting rest and comfort
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Managing diarrhea should take priority during the first days of hospitalization for an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis.
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