Nursing Elites

1. An infant is suspected of having esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula. While waiting for the pediatrician to see the infant, which action should the nurse take?

• A. Position the infant with the head of the bed slightly elevated
• B. Allow the infant to bond with the mother in her room
• C. Offer the infant breastfeeding instead of formula feeding
• D. Wrap the infant in blankets and place in a crib by the viewing window

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Positioning the infant with the head of the bed elevated helps to prevent aspiration and manage secretions until further treatment can be provided. Choice B is incorrect as the priority is ensuring the infant's safety and health, not immediate bonding. Choice C is incorrect as breastfeeding may worsen the condition. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the potential risk of aspiration associated with esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula.

2. The nurse is discussing growth and development with a group of parents. What should the nurse say about developmental milestones?

• A. Increase in body size.
• B. Age-specific tasks that most children can do at a certain time.
• C. The direction of growth.
• D. Refers to the age group of children.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Age-specific tasks that most children can do at a certain time." Developmental milestones are specific tasks or abilities that most children can achieve at a certain age range. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because developmental milestones are not just about increase in body size, the direction of growth, or the age group of children. They are more focused on the expected tasks and skills children can accomplish at particular ages.

3. All of the following statements are true regarding the value of play except:

• A. Play helps preschoolers develop moral values
• B. Play helps develop muscle coordination, uses energy, and develops self-confidence
• C. Play is the work of children
• D. Play is not an effective way for the nurse to establish rapport with the child

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Play is an effective way to establish rapport with children as it helps build trust, communication, and a positive relationship. Choices A, B, and C are true statements about the value of play: A) Play helps preschoolers develop moral values by promoting social skills, cooperation, and empathy. B) Play aids in developing muscle coordination, utilizing energy, and fostering self-confidence through physical activities. C) 'Play is the work of children' emphasizes the importance of play in a child's development, learning, and creativity. Therefore, D is the correct answer as it incorrectly suggests that play is not an effective way for the nurse to establish rapport with the child.

4. During a funduscopic examination of a school-age child, the nurse notes a brilliant, uniform red reflex in both eyes. The nurse should recognize that this is which?

• A. A normal finding
• B. A sign of a possible visual defect and a need for vision screening
• C. An abnormal finding requiring referral to an ophthalmologist
• D. A sign of small hemorrhages, which usually resolve spontaneously

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A brilliant, uniform red reflex in both eyes is a normal finding, indicating that the retina is healthy and there are no significant obstructions in the visual pathway.

5. The Asian parent of a child being seen in the clinic avoids eye contact with the nurse. What is the best explanation for this considering cultural differences?

• A. The parent feels inferior to the nurse
• B. The parent is showing respect for the nurse
• C. The parent is embarrassed to seek health care
• D. The parent feels responsible for her child's illness

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially towards authority figures such as healthcare providers.

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