ATI RN
Multi Dimensional Care | Exam | Rasmusson
1. Which among the following is NOT the cause of pressure ulcers?
- A. Immobility
- B. Poor nutrition
- C. Moisture
- D. Adequate perfusion
Correct answer: Adequate perfusion
Rationale:
2. An increase in capillary blood pressure would tend to:
- A. increase interstitial fluid volume.
- B. increase plasma volume.
- C. decrease interstitial fluid volume.
- D. increase plasma volume and decrease interstitial fluid volume.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An increase in capillary blood pressure leads to a higher force pushing fluid out of the capillaries into the interstitial space, thereby increasing interstitial fluid volume. Choice B is incorrect because capillary blood pressure affects the movement of fluid into the interstitial space, not into the plasma. Choice C is incorrect as an increase in capillary blood pressure would not decrease interstitial fluid volume. Choice D is incorrect as it combines contradictory effects when capillary blood pressure increases.
3. You’re preparing a patient with a malignant tumor for colorectal surgery and subsequent colostomy. The patient tells you he’s anxious. What should your initial step be in working with this patient?
- A. Determine what the patient already knows about colostomies.
- B. Show the patient some pictures of colostomies.
- C. Arrange for someone who has a colostomy to visit the patient.
- D. Provide the patient with written material about colostomy care.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a patient with a malignant tumor is anxious about colorectal surgery and a colostomy, the initial step is to determine what the patient already knows about colostomies.
4. Which action exemplifies the role of a nurse in policy advocacy?
- A. Meeting with legislators to discuss health issues
- B. Administering vaccines in the community
- C. Conducting health screenings
- D. Providing direct care to underserved populations
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Meeting with legislators to discuss health issues exemplifies the role of a nurse in policy advocacy. Nurses engage in policy advocacy to influence decisions that impact health outcomes at the population level. By meeting with legislators, nurses can advocate for policies that support healthcare access, quality, and equity, ultimately contributing to improved health outcomes for individuals and communities.
5. A client has a new prescription for Furosemide. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hyponatremia
- C. Hypernatremia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide is a diuretic that commonly causes hyponatremia (low sodium levels) due to its effect on sodium and water excretion. The nurse must closely monitor the client for signs of hyponatremia, such as weakness, confusion, and muscle cramps, and promptly intervene to prevent complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Furosemide is not associated with hyperkalemia, hypernatremia, or hypercalcemia. Understanding the medication's mechanism of action helps prioritize monitoring for potential adverse effects.
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