Nursing Elites

1. Which action represents a primary prevention strategy?

• A. Educating children on the importance of handwashing
• B. Administering vaccines to prevent disease
• C. Screening for early signs of disease
• D. Providing treatment for acute illnesses

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Administering vaccines is a primary prevention strategy because it aims to prevent diseases before they occur by providing immunity against specific pathogens. Educating children on handwashing is important for preventing infections but falls under health promotion rather than primary prevention. Screening for early signs of disease and providing treatment for acute illnesses are considered secondary and tertiary prevention strategies, respectively, as they aim to detect and treat diseases that have already developed to prevent further complications.

2. Parkinson's disease is associated with the loss of which of the following neurotransmitter?

• A. Serotonin
• B. Adrenaline
• C. Dopamine
• D. GABA

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter responsible for coordinating smooth muscle movements. The decrease in dopamine levels leads to the motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease, such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Serotonin, adrenaline, and GABA are not primarily implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.

3. Which best describes a benefit of using health informatics in community health?

• A. Reducing the risk of medical errors
• B. Improving patient satisfaction
• C. Facilitating access to health services
• D. Enhancing coordination of care

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, enhancing coordination of care. Health informatics in community health ensures accurate and timely sharing of patient information among healthcare providers, leading to improved collaboration and continuity of care for patients across different settings.

4. James is an 18-month-old child who has had a cough for 7 days with no general danger signs. He has a temperature of 37.5°C and a respiratory rate of 41 breaths/minute. How will you classify James' breathing?

• A. Slow breathing
• B. Fast breathing
• C. Normal breathing
• D. Very fast breathing

Correct answer: C

Rationale: James' breathing is classified as normal because his respiratory rate falls within the expected range for his age group, and there are no general danger signs present. In this case, his breathing is considered normal based on the provided information.

5. Why is epidemiologic data useful in the planning phase of the community assessment process?

• A. Help discover the patterns of health and illness distribution in a population.
• B. Help construct benchmarks to gauge achievement of program objectives.
• C. Identify the population at risk.
• D. Explain the nature of the health problem.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Epidemiologic data are valuable in the planning phase of community assessment as they provide insights into the distribution of health and illness within a population. By analyzing these patterns and trends, healthcare professionals can better understand the health needs of the community and tailor interventions accordingly. This information serves as a foundation for identifying priority areas and developing effective strategies to address health issues.

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