when obtaining a nursing history on a client with a suspected gastric ulcer which signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to see select all that app

ATI RN

ATI Gastrointestinal System

1. When obtaining a nursing history on a client with a suspected gastric ulcer, which signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to see? Select ONE that does not apply.

A. Epigastric pain at night
B. Relief of epigastric pain after eating
C. Vomiting
D. Weight loss

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Signs and symptoms of a gastric ulcer include epigastric pain at night, vomiting, and weight loss. Relief of epigastric pain after eating is not typically associated with gastric ulcers.

2. Type A chronic gastritis can be distinguished from type B by its ability to:

A. Cause atrophy of the parietal cells.
B. Affect only the antrum of the stomach.
C. Thin the lining of the stomach walls.
D. Decrease gastric secretions.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Type A chronic gastritis can cause atrophy of the parietal cells, which is a distinguishing feature from type B.

3. Sitty, a 66 y.o. patient underwent a colostomy for ruptured diverticulum. She did well during the surgery and returned to your med-surg floor in stable condition. You assess her colostomy 2 days after surgery. Which finding do you report to the doctor?

A. Blanched stoma
B. Edematous stoma
C. Reddish-pink stoma
D. Brownish-black stoma

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A blanched stoma 2 days after colostomy surgery should be reported to the doctor as it may indicate compromised blood flow.

4. Which of the following tests can be performed to diagnose a hiatal hernia?

A. Colonoscopy
B. Lower GI series
C. Barium swallow
D. Abdominal x-rays

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A barium swallow is a diagnostic test that can visualize the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine to diagnose a hiatal hernia.

5. Lactulose (Chronulac) is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse would determine that this medication has had a therapeutic effect if which of the following is noted?

A. Increased red blood cell count
B. Decreased serum ammonia level
C. Increased protein level
D. Decreased white blood cell level

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Lactulose is prescribed for the client with hepatic encephalopathy to reduce bacterial breakdown of protein in the bowel. The medication creates an acidic environment in the bowel and causes the ammonia to leave the bloodstream and enter the colon. Ammonia then becomes trapped in the bowel. Lactulose also has a laxative effect that allows for the elimination of the ammonia.