ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System
1. When obtaining a nursing history on a client with a suspected gastric ulcer, which signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to see? Select ONE that does not apply.
- A. Epigastric pain at night
- B. Relief of epigastric pain after eating
- C. Vomiting
- D. Weight loss
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Signs and symptoms of a gastric ulcer include epigastric pain at night, vomiting, and weight loss. Relief of epigastric pain after eating is not typically associated with gastric ulcers.
2. A nurse is giving dietary instructions to a client who has a new colostomy. The nurse encourages the client to eat foods representing which of the following diets for the first 4 to 6 weeks postoperatively?
- A. High-protein
- B. High-carbohydrate
- C. Low-calorie
- D. Low-residue
Correct answer: D
Rationale: For the first 4 to 6 weeks following colostomy formation, the client should take in a low-residue diet. Following this period, the client should eat a high-carbohydrate, high-protein diet. The nurse also instructs the client to add new foods, one at a time, to determine tolerance to that food.
3. Kevin has a history of peptic ulcer disease and vomits coffee-ground emesis. What does this indicate?
- A. He has fresh, active upper GI bleeding.
- B. He needs immediate saline gastric lavage.
- C. His gastric bleeding occurred 2 hours earlier.
- D. He needs a transfusion of packed RBC’s.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Coffee-ground emesis indicates that the gastric bleeding occurred 2 hours earlier.
4. Medical management of the client with diverticulitis should include which of the following treatments?
- A. Reduced fluid intake
- B. Increased fiber in diet
- C. Administration of antibiotics
- D. Exercises to increase intra-abdominal pressure
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Medical management of diverticulitis typically includes the administration of antibiotics to treat infection and inflammation.
5. You’re preparing a teaching plan for a 27 y.o. named Jeff who underwent surgery to close a temporary ileostomy. Which nutritional guideline do you include in this plan?
- A. There is no need to change eating habits.
- B. Eat six small meals a day.
- C. Eat the largest meal in the evening.
- D. Restrict fluid intake.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: After ileostomy closure surgery, it is recommended to eat six small meals a day to aid digestion and absorption.
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