Nursing Elites

1. When obtaining a nursing history on a client with a suspected gastric ulcer, which signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to see? Select ONE that does not apply.

• A. Epigastric pain at night
• B. Relief of epigastric pain after eating
• C. Vomiting
• D. Weight loss

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Signs and symptoms of a gastric ulcer include epigastric pain at night, vomiting, and weight loss. Relief of epigastric pain after eating is not typically associated with gastric ulcers.

2. Which of the following areas is the most common site of fistulas in clients with Crohn’s disease?

• A. Anorectal
• B. Ileum
• C. Rectovaginal
• D. Transverse colon

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The anorectal area is the most common site of fistulas in clients with Crohn's disease.

3. Lactulose (Chronulac) is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse would determine that this medication has had a therapeutic effect if which of the following is noted?

• A. Increased red blood cell count
• B. Decreased serum ammonia level
• C. Increased protein level
• D. Decreased white blood cell level

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Lactulose is prescribed for the client with hepatic encephalopathy to reduce bacterial breakdown of protein in the bowel. The medication creates an acidic environment in the bowel and causes the ammonia to leave the bloodstream and enter the colon. Ammonia then becomes trapped in the bowel. Lactulose also has a laxative effect that allows for the elimination of the ammonia.

4. Which of the following associated disorders may a client with ulcerative colitis exhibit?

• A. Gallstones
• B. Hydronephrosis
• C. Nephrolithiasis
• D. Toxic megacolon

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Toxic megacolon is a severe complication that may be exhibited by a client with ulcerative colitis.

5. Sitty, a 66 y.o. patient underwent a colostomy for ruptured diverticulum. She did well during the surgery and returned to your med-surg floor in stable condition. You assess her colostomy 2 days after surgery. Which finding do you report to the doctor?

• A. Blanched stoma
• B. Edematous stoma
• C. Reddish-pink stoma
• D. Brownish-black stoma

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A blanched stoma 2 days after colostomy surgery should be reported to the doctor as it may indicate compromised blood flow.

Similar Questions