ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. When counseling a teenager about fast food, a dental hygienist could correctly cite which of the following facts, with one exception. Which is the exception?
- A. Most fast food menus lack a rich source of vitamin A
- B. Consumer demands have driven the establishment of salads and other healthy menu items
- C. Shortages of biotin, folate, pantothenic acid, and copper are reported in fast foods
- D. Studies reveal that protein is lacking in most menu items
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D'. Fast food is generally not deficient in protein since it often contains meat, a significant source of protein. On the other hand, fast food is known to lack essential nutrients like Vitamin A and certain minerals, as mentioned in choices 'A' and 'C'. Choice 'B' is also accurate as many fast food establishments have started offering healthier options such as salads due to customer demands. Therefore, all options are true except 'D', which makes it the exception.
2. A healthcare professional is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. What is the most important action to prevent infection?
- A. Use sterile gloves during the procedure.
- B. Clean the catheter insertion site with alcohol.
- C. Insert the catheter as quickly as possible.
- D. Use a smaller catheter size to minimize trauma.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Using sterile gloves during catheter insertion is crucial to prevent infection. Sterile gloves help maintain asepsis during the procedure, reducing the risk of introducing microorganisms into the urinary tract. Cleaning the insertion site with alcohol, as mentioned in choice B, is important but not as critical as using sterile gloves. Choice C, inserting the catheter as quickly as possible, is not recommended as it can lead to errors and increase the risk of contamination. Choice D, using a smaller catheter size to minimize trauma, is not directly related to preventing infection but rather focuses on patient comfort and reducing tissue damage.
3. Which of the following laws govern nursing practice?
- A. Statutory laws
- B. Common laws
- C. Administrative laws
- D. Constitutional laws
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Statutory laws. Statutory laws are those created by various legislative bodies, such as state legislatures. In the context of nursing practice, laws that govern it are statutory laws specifically tailored to regulate the profession. Choice B, Common laws, are not specific to regulating nursing practice but rather are based on judicial decisions. Choice C, Administrative laws, deal with regulations set by administrative agencies and may not directly govern nursing practice. Choice D, Constitutional laws, pertain to the fundamental principles outlined in a country's constitution and are not the primary laws that regulate nursing practice.
4. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a root cause analysis (RCA)?
- A. Identify the person responsible for an error
- B. Determine who should be disciplined
- C. Discover the underlying causes of an error
- D. Evaluate the effectiveness of a new policy
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Discover the underlying causes of an error.' Root cause analysis (RCA) focuses on identifying the fundamental reason(s) that led to an error or problem rather than placing blame on individuals. Choice A and B are incorrect as RCA is not about pinpointing a specific person to blame or determining disciplinary actions. Choice D is also incorrect as the primary goal of RCA is not to evaluate policy effectiveness but to uncover the root causes of issues for effective problem-solving.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Urine output of 30 mL/hr
- B. Pink-tinged urine
- C. Small blood clots in the urine
- D. Blood pressure of 114/78 mm Hg
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The presence of small blood clots in the urine is an expected finding after a TURP due to the surgical manipulation of the prostate bed and the bladder. However, larger clots can indicate excessive bleeding and should be reported promptly. Urine output of 30 mL/hr is within the expected range for post-TURP clients, indicating adequate kidney perfusion. Pink-tinged urine is also normal after a TURP due to minor bleeding from the surgical site. A blood pressure of 114/78 mm Hg is within normal limits and does not require immediate reporting.