ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. When counseling a teenager about fast food, a dental hygienist could correctly cite which of the following facts, with one exception. Which is the exception?
- A. Most fast food menus lack a rich source of vitamin A
- B. Consumer demands have driven the establishment of salads and other healthy menu items
- C. Shortages of biotin, folate, pantothenic acid, and copper are reported in fast foods
- D. Studies reveal that protein is lacking in most menu items
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D'. Fast food is generally not deficient in protein since it often contains meat, a significant source of protein. On the other hand, fast food is known to lack essential nutrients like Vitamin A and certain minerals, as mentioned in choices 'A' and 'C'. Choice 'B' is also accurate as many fast food establishments have started offering healthier options such as salads due to customer demands. Therefore, all options are true except 'D', which makes it the exception.
2. High blood pressure is defined as systolic and diastolic measurements greater than or equal to:
- A. 140 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg, respectively
- B. 150 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg, respectively
- C. 160 mm Hg and 110 mm Hg, respectively
- D. 180 mm Hg and 120 mm Hg, respectively
Correct answer: A
Rationale: High blood pressure, or hypertension, is typically defined as having a systolic pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B is incorrect because it suggests a higher systolic measurement than the standard definition. Choice C is incorrect as it provides an even higher systolic measurement and a much higher diastolic measurement. Choice D is also incorrect as it suggests extremely elevated blood pressure values, well above the typical definition of hypertension.
3. Which gluten-free food choice would be most appropriate for a patient with celiac disease?
- A. Scalloped potatoes
- B. Oatmeal
- C. Eggs
- D. Tortillas
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Eggs are a safe food choice for individuals with celiac disease as they are naturally gluten-free. Scalloped potatoes often contain flour in the sauce, which might contain gluten. Oatmeal can be a subject of debate due to possible cross-contamination during processing, so it might not be safe unless labeled gluten-free. Tortillas are typically made from wheat flour containing gluten, but gluten-free versions are available. However, eggs are universally gluten-free, making them the best choice for individuals with celiac disease.
4. A nurse is discussing sources of vitamin K with a client. Which food should the nurse recommend?
- A. Fish
- B. Leafy greens
- C. Citrus fruits
- D. Nuts
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Leafy greens are rich in vitamin K, which is important for blood clotting.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a gavage feeding via a nasogastric tube to a preterm newborn who is receiving supplemental oxygen. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Stabilize the tube with tape to the newborn’s cheek.
- B. Remove supplemental oxygen during the feeding.
- C. Measure the stomach aspirate prior to the feeding.
- D. Place the newborn on their left side for 30 minutes after the feeding.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Measuring the stomach aspirate prior to the feeding is crucial to ensure the correct placement and function of the nasogastric tube. This step helps prevent complications such as aspiration or improper feeding. Choice A is incorrect as stabilizing the tube with tape to the newborn’s cheek can cause discomfort and skin irritation. Choice B is incorrect because removing supplemental oxygen during the feeding may compromise the newborn's respiratory status. Choice D is incorrect because placing the newborn on their left side for 30 minutes after the feeding is not a standard practice and is unnecessary for administering gavage feeding.