Nursing Elites

1. What role does culture play in understanding abnormal behavior?

• A. Culture plays a minimal role in understanding abnormal behavior.
• B. Culture is essential in shaping our perceptions and definitions of abnormal behavior.
• C. Culture has little impact on the expression of abnormal behavior.
• D. Culture only affects the treatment of abnormal behavior, not its understanding.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Culture is essential in shaping our perceptions and definitions of abnormal behavior. Choice A is incorrect because culture actually plays a significant role in understanding abnormal behavior. Choice C is incorrect as culture can have a considerable impact on how abnormal behavior is expressed. Choice D is incorrect because culture influences not only the treatment but also the understanding of abnormal behavior.

2. There is experimental evidence showing that consistently being discriminated against may cause a person to ________.

• A. be happy.
• B. be more conscious.
• C. have cardiovascular reactivity.
• D. have greater intelligence and wisdom.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'have cardiovascular reactivity.' Consistent discrimination can lead to increased cardiovascular reactivity, impacting heart health. Choice A ('be happy') is incorrect because discrimination typically causes distress and negative emotions. Choice B ('be more conscious') is not directly related to the impact of discrimination. Choice D ('have greater intelligence and wisdom') is also unrelated to the physiological response of cardiovascular reactivity caused by discrimination.

3. The interpersonal perspective ________.

• A. arose as a reaction against the unscientific methods of psychoanalysis.
• B. was introduced by Erik Erikson.
• C. emphasizes social rather than inner determinants of behavior.
• D. is the most influential humanistic perspective today.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The interpersonal perspective emphasizes social rather than inner determinants of behavior. Choice A is incorrect as the interpersonal perspective focuses on social interactions rather than being a reaction against psychoanalysis. Choice B is incorrect as the interpersonal perspective is not specifically attributed to Erik Erikson. Choice D is incorrect as the most influential humanistic perspective today would be humanistic psychology, not the interpersonal perspective.

4. What term refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge?

• A. Cognition.
• B. Pedagogy.
• C. Empiricism.
• D. Introspection.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, cognition. Cognition encompasses mental processes like thinking, remembering, and problem-solving, all crucial in acquiring knowledge. Pedagogy (choice B) refers to the method and practice of teaching. Empiricism (choice C) is a theory that states knowledge comes from sensory experience. Introspection (choice D) involves examining one's own conscious thoughts and feelings, not specifically focused on acquiring knowledge.

5. A psychologist who is interested in the psychological effect of aging would most likely specialize in?

• A. Developmental psychology.
• B. Experimental psychology.
• C. Cognitive psychology.
• D. Psychometrics.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A psychologist interested in the psychological effect of aging would most likely specialize in developmental psychology. Developmental psychology focuses on studying the psychological changes that occur throughout a person's lifespan, including the effects of aging. Experimental psychology primarily deals with conducting experiments to study behavior and cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology focuses on mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving. Psychometrics involves the measurement of psychological variables such as intelligence, aptitude, and personality traits, but it does not specifically address the psychological effects of aging as in developmental psychology.

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