ATI RN
ATI Pathophysiology Exam 3
1. What is the primary cause of angina?
- A. Increased oxygen demand by the heart
- B. Obstruction of the coronary arteries
- C. Lack of oxygen in the lungs
- D. Decreased blood supply to the liver
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Obstruction of the coronary arteries. Angina is primarily caused by a reduced blood flow to the heart due to blockages or narrowing in the coronary arteries. Choice A is incorrect because while increased oxygen demand can contribute to angina symptoms, it is not the primary cause. Choice C is incorrect as angina is not caused by a lack of oxygen in the lungs. Choice D is also incorrect as angina is not related to decreased blood supply to the liver.
2. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer an intermittent enteral feeding to a client who has a nasogastric tube. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take first?
- A. Check the residual volume before administering the feeding
- B. Elevate the head of the bed to 30 degrees
- C. Flush the tube with 10 mL of sterile water
- D. Verify the client's tube placement
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Verifying the client's tube placement is the priority before administering any enteral feeding. This step ensures that the tube is correctly positioned in the stomach or intestines, minimizing the risk of complications such as aspiration. Checking the residual volume, elevating the head of the bed, and flushing the tube are important steps but should occur after confirming the tube placement to ensure the feeding is delivered safely and effectively.
3. You believe that you are working harder than other nurses and that you take care of patients that are more complex. You are angry that other staff nurses have less complex and lower acuity patients, but you __________ .
- A. Avoid discussing the situation because you do not want to be perceived as a complainer.
- B. Know that you need to discuss the inequity with the nurse manager because you are resenting the work and becoming more dissatisfied in your job
- C. A & B
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Professionals communicate their views in a respectful and direct manner. In discussing the situation with the manager, professionals may gain insights about their reactions to stress and how they can cope with the intense demands of the healthcare environment. Choice A is incorrect because avoiding discussing the situation does not address the underlying issue and may lead to increased frustration. Choice B is correct as it emphasizes the importance of addressing the inequity with the nurse manager to find a constructive solution. Choice D is incorrect as it does not provide any guidance on how to handle the situation effectively.
4. What does continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber of a chest tube indicate?
- A. An air leak
- B. A blocked chest tube
- C. Normal chest tube function
- D. Continuous drainage from the chest tube
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber of a chest tube indicates an air leak in the system. This occurs when air is entering the system through a leak, preventing the lung from fully re-expanding. Choice B, a blocked chest tube, is incorrect as a blocked tube would result in a lack of drainage rather than continuous bubbling. Choice C, normal chest tube function, is incorrect as continuous bubbling signifies an issue. Choice D, continuous drainage from the chest tube, is incorrect as bubbling in the water seal chamber specifically indicates an air leak, not just the presence of drainage.
5. What is the main function of dietary fiber in managing cholesterol levels?
- A. To reduce absorption of dietary fats
- B. To increase cholesterol synthesis
- C. To enhance protein digestion
- D. To decrease cholesterol absorption
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Dietary fiber helps lower cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids and reducing cholesterol absorption.
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