Nursing Elites

1. What is the best nursing intervention for a patient experiencing fluid overload?

• A. Administer diuretics
• B. Administer IV fluids
• C. Provide oral fluids
• D. Provide chest physiotherapy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The best nursing intervention for a patient experiencing fluid overload is to administer diuretics. Diuretics help the body to remove excess fluid by increasing urine output. This intervention is crucial in managing fluid overload. Administering IV fluids (Choice B) would worsen the condition by adding more fluids to the already overloaded system. Providing oral fluids (Choice C) is not appropriate as it would further contribute to the fluid overload. Chest physiotherapy (Choice D) is not indicated in the treatment of fluid overload and would not address the underlying issue of excess fluid accumulation.

2. A nurse is observing bonding between the client and her newborn. Which of the following actions by the client requires the nurse to intervene?

• A. Holding the newborn in an en face position
• B. Asking the father to change the newborn's diaper
• C. Requesting the nurse to take the newborn to the nursery so she can rest
• D. Viewing the newborn's actions as uncooperative

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because viewing the newborn's actions as uncooperative may indicate the client is struggling to bond, requiring intervention. Choices A, B, and C do not raise concerns about the bonding process between the client and the newborn. Holding the newborn in an en face position is a positive interaction. Asking the father to change the newborn's diaper involves family participation in care. Requesting the nurse to take the newborn to the nursery so she can rest is a valid request for maternal self-care.

3. What is the best dietary recommendation for a patient with chronic kidney disease?

• A. Low-protein diet
• B. High-protein diet
• C. Low-sodium diet
• D. High-sodium diet

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is a low-sodium diet. Patients with chronic kidney disease are often advised to follow a low-sodium diet to help manage fluid retention. Excessive sodium intake can lead to fluid buildup in the body, causing complications for individuals with kidney issues. Choices A and B are incorrect because while protein intake may need to be monitored in kidney disease, the primary focus is typically on sodium restriction. Choice D is incorrect as a high-sodium diet would exacerbate fluid retention in patients with chronic kidney disease.

4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI) and is prescribed ciprofloxacin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following adverse effects?

• A. Tinnitus.
• B. Photosensitivity.
• C. Urinary frequency.
• D. Insomnia.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Photosensitivity. Ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic commonly used to treat UTIs, can cause photosensitivity as an adverse effect. This reaction makes the skin more sensitive to sunlight, potentially leading to severe sunburns or skin damage. It is crucial for the client to be aware of this adverse effect to take precautions and report any signs of photosensitivity promptly. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because tinnitus, urinary frequency, and insomnia are not typically associated with ciprofloxacin use. While urinary frequency might be a symptom of UTI, it is not an adverse effect of the medication itself.

5. A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for developing a deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?

• A. Massage the client's legs every 2 hours.
• B. Instruct the client to sit with the legs crossed.
• C. Administer prophylactic antibiotics.
• D. Apply sequential compression devices to the client's legs.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Apply sequential compression devices to the client's legs. Sequential compression devices help prevent venous stasis and reduce the risk of DVT by promoting blood flow in the legs. Massaging the client's legs every 2 hours (choice A) may dislodge a clot if present, leading to a higher risk of embolism. Instructing the client to sit with the legs crossed (choice B) can impede blood flow and increase the risk of DVT. Administering prophylactic antibiotics (choice C) is not indicated for preventing DVT, as antibiotics are used to treat infections caused by bacteria, not to prevent blood clots.

Similar Questions