ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. What instruction should the nurse include on weight gain during pregnancy?
- A. Failure to obtain the required weight gain during pregnancy will increase the risk of preterm birth.
- B. An obese client needs to gain as much weight as a client with a normal body mass index.
- C. A client with a normal body mass index should plan on gaining 50 pounds.
- D. Clients will need to eat for two when they are pregnant.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Appropriate weight gain is crucial for reducing the risk of preterm birth.
2. What is a condition where a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs, and can lead to serious complications if it travels to the lungs?
- A. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- B. Pulmonary embolism
- C. Varicose veins
- D. Raynaud's disease
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Deep vein thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. If the clot dislodges and travels to the lungs, it can lead to a serious condition called a pulmonary embolism. Choice B, pulmonary embolism, is incorrect as it is the consequence of a DVT clot traveling to the lungs, not the initial condition. Choices C and D, varicose veins, and Raynaud's disease, respectively, are unrelated conditions to the formation of blood clots in deep veins.
3. The predominant characteristic of the intellectual development of a child aged 2 to 7 years is egocentricity. Which of the following best describes this concept?
- A. Selfishness
- B. Unable to see another’s point of view
- C. Able to put self in another’s place
- D. Prefers to play alone
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Egocentricity in children aged 2 to 7 years means they are unable to see things from another person's perspective. This characteristic is a normal part of their cognitive development during this stage. Choice A, 'Selfishness,' is not an accurate description as egocentricity is more about a limited ability to understand others' viewpoints rather than intentional selfishness. Choice C, 'Able to put self in another’s place,' is incorrect as egocentric children struggle to do this. Choice D, 'Prefers to play alone,' is not directly related to egocentricity but may be a behavior exhibited by some children for various reasons.
4. A client is 2 hours postoperative following a total knee arthroplasty. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Heart rate 88/min
- B. Capillary refill of 2 seconds
- C. Pain level of 8 on a scale of 0 to 10
- D. Temperature of 37.8°C (100°F)
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A pain level of 8 is high and may indicate inadequate pain control or complications following surgery. Monitoring and managing pain is crucial postoperatively to ensure patient comfort and prevent complications. A heart rate of 88/min, capillary refill of 2 seconds, and a temperature of 37.8°C (100°F) are within normal ranges and do not typically require immediate reporting unless in the context of other concerning signs or symptoms.
5. Five days after undergoing surgery, a client develops a small-bowel obstruction. A Miller-Abbott tube is inserted for bowel decompression. Which nursing diagnosis takes priority?
- A. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
- B. Acute pain
- C. Deficient fluid volume
- D. Excess fluid volume
Correct answer: C
Rationale: For a client with a small-bowel obstruction and a Miller-Abbott tube, deficient fluid volume is the priority nursing diagnosis.