Nursing Elites

1. In which type of shock does the patient experience a mismatch of blood flow to the cells?

• A. Distributive
• B. Cardiogenic
• C. Hypovolemic
• D. Septic

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Distributive shock. Distributive shock is characterized by a widespread increase in vascular permeability leading to a relative hypovolemia and a mismatch of blood flow to the cells. Choice B, Cardiogenic shock, is due to the heart's inability to pump effectively. Choice C, Hypovolemic shock, results from a decrease in intravascular volume. Choice D, Septic shock, is caused by a systemic response to infection.

2. Which topical antimicrobial is most frequently used in burn wound care?

• A. Neosporin
• B. Silver nitrate
• C. Silver sulfadiazine
• D. Sulfamylon

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

3. Characteristics of type two diabetes include all of the following except:

• A. insulin resistance
• B. blood glucose levels that rise too high
• C. blood insulin levels that rise too high
• D. rapid destruction of the pancreas

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, high blood glucose levels, and high blood insulin levels. Rapid destruction of the pancreas is not a feature of this condition. The destruction of pancreatic beta cells is more commonly associated with type 1 diabetes, not type 2 diabetes. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Options A, B, and C are all characteristic features of type 2 diabetes, making them incorrect choices.

4. A nurse is caring for a 30-month-old toddler and is preparing a nutritional snack. Which of the following foods is appropriate for the nurse to offer the toddler?

• A. Plain popcorn
• B. Grapes
• C. Raw carrots
• D. Cheese

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cheese is a safe and nutritious option for toddlers as it provides calcium and protein without posing choking hazards. Plain popcorn, grapes, and raw carrots are not recommended for toddlers due to the potential choking risks they present, especially at a young age.

5. Integrated management for childhood illness is the universal protocol of care endorsed by WHO and is used by different countries worldwide, including the Philippines. In any case that the nurse classifies the child and categorizes the signs and symptoms in the PINK category, you know that this means:

• A. Urgent referral
• B. Antibiotic Management
• C. Home treatment
• D. Outpatient treatment facility is needed

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a child is classified under the PINK category in the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) guidelines, it signifies the need for antibiotic management. This category indicates severe signs and symptoms requiring immediate antibiotic treatment to address the underlying infection. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the PINK category specifically calls for urgent antibiotic management rather than urgent referral, home treatment, or outpatient treatment facility.

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