ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test B 2019
1. What health instruction will enhance regulation of a colostomy (defecation) of clients?
- A. Irrigate after lunch everyday
- B. Eat fruits and vegetables in all three meals
- C. Eat balanced meals at regular intervals
- D. Restrict exercise to walking only
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.
2. What is the function of the gallbladder?
- A. to store bile
- B. to produce bile
- C. to digest bile
- D. to modify bile to a liquid form
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "to store bile." The gallbladder acts as a reservoir for bile produced by the liver. It releases bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. Choice B is incorrect because the liver produces bile, not the gallbladder. Choice C is incorrect as the gallbladder does not digest bile but stores and releases it for digestion. Choice D is incorrect because bile is already in liquid form; the gallbladder does not modify it to a liquid state.
3. Sugar alcohols have anticariogenic properties and can protect the teeth by decreasing demineralization, enhancing remineralization, or increasing salivary flow, even in the presence of a fermentable carbohydrate. Name 3 sugar alcohols.
- A. Sorbitol
- B. Mannitol
- C. Xylitol
- D. Erythritol
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol are commonly used in sugar-free products and have properties that help protect teeth from caries by promoting remineralization and increasing salivary flow. Erythritol is another common sugar alcohol used as a sweetener in various products, but it was not listed in the question.
4. A 52-year-old male patient recently required surgery for the removal of a large calcium oxalate stone. To prevent further stone formation, the nurse advises against drinking?
- A. apple juice
- B. tea
- C. orange juice
- D. coffee
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Tea contains oxalates, which can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones; therefore, patients prone to kidney stones should avoid excessive tea consumption.
5. Which of the following is not a desirable blood lipid value?
- A. low total cholesterol
- B. high LDL
- C. high HDL
- D. low blood triglycerides
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. High levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol are undesirable as they are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, low total cholesterol (choice A), high HDL (choice C), and low blood triglycerides (choice D) are considered desirable blood lipid values. Low total cholesterol is beneficial as high levels can increase the risk of heart disease. High HDL cholesterol is considered good as it helps remove LDL cholesterol from the arteries. Low blood triglycerides are also preferred as high levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.