Nursing Elites

1. Miss CEE is admitted for treatment of major depression. She appears withdrawn, disheveled, and states 'Nobody wants me'. What does the nurse most likely expect that Miss CEE is to be placed on?

• A. Neuroleptics medication
• B. Special diet
• C. Suicide precaution
• D. Anxiolytics medication

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Given Miss CEE's state of major depression and her expressed feelings of worthlessness ('Nobody wants me'), the nurse would most likely expect her to be placed on suicide precaution. This means that measures would be taken to ensure her safety and to prevent her from harming herself. While medications like neuroleptics (Choice A) and anxiolytics (Choice D) might be employed as part of her overall treatment, these medicines are primarily used for conditions like psychosis and anxiety respectively, not specifically for depression or suicidal ideation. A special diet (Choice B) may be part of a comprehensive treatment plan, but it is not as immediate or as directly related to her current emotional and psychological state as suicide precaution is.

2. Vitamin deficiencies, especially the B-complex vitamins, seldom occur in isolation. Folate, a B-complex vitamin, is the exception because it functions separately from other vitamins.

• A. Both statements are true.
• B. Both statements are false.
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false.
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The first statement is true; the second is false. If a deficiency of one vitamin is suspected, symptoms of other vitamin B deficiencies also may be present. Folate deficiencies usually occur with other nutrient deficiencies. Specifically, folate functions in conjunction with vitamins B12 and C in maintaining normal levels of mature red blood cells.

3. Which neuromuscular disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and holding food in the mouth for extended periods?

• A. Developmental disabilities
• B. Parkinson's disease
• C. Epilepsy
• D. Diabetes mellitus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and difficulties in oral functions like holding food in the mouth. Developmental disabilities (Choice A) do not specifically cause these symptoms related to neuromuscular function. Epilepsy (Choice C) is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures and does not typically present with the described symptoms. Diabetes mellitus (Choice D) is a metabolic disorder that affects blood sugar regulation and does not directly cause the neuromuscular symptoms mentioned in the question.

4. For a patient on a ketogenic diet, which macronutrient is primarily increased?

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Protein
• C. Fats
• D. Fiber

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fats. A ketogenic diet is characterized by high fat intake, moderate protein intake, and very low carbohydrate intake. This diet aims to shift the body's metabolism to use fat as the primary source of energy instead of carbohydrates. Increasing fat intake while reducing carbohydrates is essential for achieving and maintaining a state of ketosis. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the macronutrient adjustments required for a ketogenic diet.

5. Which strategy would most likely help alleviate some of the nausea that a 10-week pregnant woman experiences every morning, preventing her from eating breakfast?

• A. Increase intake of dairy products, including yogurt and ice cream
• B. Maintain an upright position while eating
• C. Opt for foods that are high in fiber
• D. Consume small, frequent meals when hunger strikes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Consume small, frequent meals when hunger strikes.' This strategy is ideal for managing morning sickness because it prevents the stomach from becoming too empty, which can exacerbate nausea. Option A may not be helpful because dairy products can sometimes worsen nausea. Option B is not the most effective solution as the sitting position does not directly impact nausea levels. Option C, while generally beneficial for digestion and overall health, does not specifically address the issue of pregnancy-related nausea.

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