ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN
1. What diagnostic test allows visualization of renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposure to external-beam radiation or radioactive isotopes?
- A. Renal ultrasonography
- B. Computed tomography
- C. Intravenous pyelography
- D. Voiding cystourethrography
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Renal ultrasonography provides imaging of the renal parenchyma and pelvis without the risks associated with radiation or radioactive isotopes, making it a safer option, especially for children.
2. What are the nursing priorities when caring for a patient with a newly placed peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)?
- A. Performing sterile dressing changes
- B. Educating the patient on PICC line care
- C. Flushing the PICC line as prescribed
- D. Inspecting the insertion site for signs of infection
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Performing sterile dressing changes. When caring for a patient with a newly placed PICC line, one of the nursing priorities is to ensure proper care of the insertion site by performing sterile dressing changes. This helps prevent infections and maintain the integrity of the line. While educating the patient on PICC line care, flushing the PICC line as prescribed, and inspecting the insertion site for signs of infection are important aspects of care, the priority immediately after insertion is to maintain the sterility of the site through proper dressing changes.
3. Which action would break sterile technique while preparing a sterile field for a dressing change?
- A. Using sterile forceps instead of sterile gloves to handle a sterile item
- B. Touching the outside wrapper of sterilized material without sterile gloves
- C. Placing a sterile object at the edge of the sterile field
- D. Pouring out a small amount of solution (15 to 30 ml) before pouring it into a sterile container
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Touching the outside wrapper of sterilized material without sterile gloves can introduce contaminants and compromise the sterility of the item. It is crucial to maintain strict adherence to sterile technique to prevent infections and ensure patient safety during procedures.
4. The nurse is caring for a child who had a tonsillectomy. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse observe the child for in the postoperative period?
- A. Arrhythmias
- B. Increased swallowing
- C. Increased blood sugar
- D. Increased urinary output
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B. Increased swallowing can indicate bleeding at the surgical site, which is a potential complication after tonsillectomy. Choice A, Arrhythmias, are not typically associated with tonsillectomy. Choice C, Increased blood sugar, is not a common clinical manifestation after a tonsillectomy. Choice D, Increased urinary output, is not a typical clinical manifestation to observe for in the postoperative period after a tonsillectomy.
5. What term is appropriate terminology to use for an infant whose intrauterine growth rate was slowed and whose birth weight falls below the 10th percentile on intrauterine growth charts?
- A. Postterm
- B. Postmature
- C. Low birth weight
- D. Small for gestational age
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Small for gestational age.' A small for gestational age, or small-for-date, infant is any child whose intrauterine growth rate was slowed and whose birth weight falls below the 10th percentile on intrauterine growth curves. Choices A and B, 'Postterm' and 'Postmature,' refer to infants born after 42 weeks of gestational age regardless of birth weight, and do not specifically address growth rate. Choice C, 'Low birth weight,' refers to infants with a birth weight less than 2500 g (5.5 pounds) regardless of gestational age, which is a different classification compared to being small for gestational age.
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