ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023 Test Bank
1. Where is Vitamin K synthesized?
- A. by bacteria in the GI tract
- B. by the body by sunlight
- C. deficiency is called beriberi
- D. found in vegetable oils
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K is synthesized by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. Choice B is incorrect as the synthesis of Vitamin D, not K, can be induced by sunlight exposure. Choice C is incorrect as beriberi is a condition caused by thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency, not Vitamin K. Choice D is incorrect as Vitamin E is commonly found in vegetable oils, not Vitamin K.
2. _____ neutralizes stomach acid in the small intestine:
- A. saliva
- B. gastric mucus
- C. bicarbonate ions
- D. enzymes
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: bicarbonate ions. Bicarbonate ions, secreted by the pancreas, neutralize the acidic chyme entering the small intestine from the stomach, creating a more suitable environment for digestive enzymes. Saliva (choice A) helps in the initial breakdown of food in the mouth, not in neutralizing stomach acid. Gastric mucus (choice B) protects the stomach lining from the acidic environment but does not neutralize the acid in the small intestine. Enzymes (choice D) facilitate chemical reactions in digestion but do not neutralize stomach acid.
3. Knowing that for a comatose patient hearing is the last sense to be lost, as Judy’s nurse, what should you do?
- A. Tell her family that probably she can’t hear them
- B. Talk loudly so that Wendy can hear you
- C. Tell her family who are in the room not to talk
- D. Speak softly then hold her hands gently
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
4. When doing an initial assessment, the best way for you to identify the client’s priority problem is to:
- A. Interview the client for chief complaints and other symptoms
- B. Talk to the relatives to gather data about history of illness
- C. Do auscultation to check for chest congestion
- D. Do a physical examination while asking the client relevant questions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
5. The mechanism behind most CKD in patients without diabetes is mediated by:
- A. enzyme systems
- B. immune systems
- C. catabolic systems
- D. hormonal systems
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In non-diabetic patients, CKD is often mediated by immune system responses. Chronic inflammation triggered by immune system dysfunction can contribute to progressive kidney damage. Therefore, the correct answer is 'immune systems.' Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because CKD in non-diabetic patients is primarily associated with immune system abnormalities rather than enzyme, catabolic, or hormonal systems.