ATI RN
ATI Proctored Leadership Exam
1. Verbal interventions with an agitated patient may be calming. These interventions include:
- A. Holding and reassuring the patient
- B. Encouraging other staff to distract the patient
- C. Remaining calm and keeping an arm's distance
- D. Standing close to the patient while talking
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Remaining calm and keeping an arm's distance. Agitated individuals benefit from minimal verbal and physical stimulation. They respond to their environment based on how nurses interact with them. If an individual feels threatened or cornered, the response will generally be self-protective and reactive. Standing close to the patient (choice D) can be perceived as invasive and may escalate the situation. Holding and reassuring the patient (choice A) may not be effective if the patient perceives it as intrusive. Encouraging other staff to distract the patient (choice B) may introduce unnecessary stimulation. Therefore, the recommended approach is to remain calm and keep a safe distance to provide a non-threatening environment for the agitated patient.
2. What is the initial major sign of acute renal failure?
- A. Oliguria
- B. Hematuria
- C. Proteinuria
- D. Glycosuria
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Oliguria, or reduced urine output, is often the initial major sign of acute renal failure. This reduction in urine output indicates that the kidneys are not functioning properly. Hematuria (blood in urine), proteinuria (presence of protein in urine), and glycosuria (presence of glucose in urine) are not typically the initial major signs of acute renal failure. While they may be present in certain conditions, oliguria is the most common and critical indicator of acute renal failure.
3. Which types of diabetes are characterized by the body's cells becoming resistant to insulin? (Select all that apply)
- A. Gestational diabetes
- B. Type II diabetes
- C. Type I diabetes
- D. Both A and B
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In both gestational diabetes and Type II diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Insulin resistance in these types of diabetes prevents glucose from entering the cells, causing it to accumulate in the bloodstream. On the other hand, Type I diabetes is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin because the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Therefore, the correct answer is both A and B. Choice C, Type I diabetes, is not characterized by insulin resistance but rather by the body's inability to produce insulin. Therefore, it is incorrect. Choice D, Both A and B, includes the correct options of gestational diabetes and Type II diabetes, making it the correct answer.
4. The nurse is preparing to give acetaminophen (Tylenol) to a child who has a fever. What nursing action is appropriate?
- A. Retake the temperature in 15 minutes after giving the Tylenol.
- B. Place a warm blanket on the child so chilling does not occur.
- C. Check to be sure the Tylenol dose does not exceed 15 mg/kg.
- D. Use cold compresses instead of Tylenol to control the fever.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Ensuring the dose does not exceed 15 mg/kg is critical to avoid overdose and potential liver damage. Retaking the temperature immediately or using cold compresses is not necessary, and placing a warm blanket could exacerbate the fever.
5. A nurse is preparing to perform a bladder scan for a client who has overflow incontinence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Place the client in a supine position.
- B. Obtain a prescription for insertion of an indwelling catheter.
- C. Cleanse the client's abdomen with an antiseptic solution.
- D. Prepare the client for urinary catheterization.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to prepare the client for urinary catheterization. Overflow incontinence may indicate bladder distention, where a bladder scan helps assess the need for catheterization. Placing the client in a supine position (Choice A) is not directly related to the procedure. Obtaining a prescription for an indwelling catheter (Choice B) is not necessary before performing a bladder scan. Cleansing the client's abdomen with an antiseptic solution (Choice C) is not specific to preparing for a bladder scan in this situation.
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