Nursing Elites

1. To prevent recurrent attacks on client with glomerulonephritis, the nurse instructs the client to:

• A. Take a shower instead of tub baths
• B. Avoid situations that involve physical activity
• C. Continue the same restriction on fluid intake
• D. Seek early treatment for respiratory infection

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

2. Bacterial growth and plaque formation are enhanced by a diet with frequent intake of retentive carbohydrates. Gingivitis is an irreversible change in the interdental papillary tissues.

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The first statement is true; retentive carbohydrates promote bacterial growth and plaque formation. However, the second statement is false; gingivitis is not irreversible and is often reversible with proper care. Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums due to plaque buildup and poor oral hygiene. With good oral hygiene practices and professional dental care, gingivitis can be reversed. The other choices are incorrect because gingivitis is not irreversible, making statement two false.

3. People with only one arm or hand may benefit from using a ____ when eating?

• A. dish with suction cups
• B. rocker knife
• C. utensil holder
• D. flexible straw

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A rocker knife is specifically designed for individuals with limited use of one hand or arm, allowing them to cut food easily. This makes it a suitable option for people with only one arm or hand. Choice A, a dish with suction cups, may not directly aid in cutting food with one hand. Choice C, an utensil holder, is not typically used for cutting food. Choice D, a flexible straw, is more related to drinking liquids and not specifically designed to assist in cutting food one-handed.

4. How many calories does one pound of fat equal?

• A. 1500 calories
• B. 2500 calories
• C. 3500 calories
• D. 5000 calories

Correct answer: C

Rationale: One pound of body fat is equivalent to approximately 3500 calories. This is a generally accepted caloric value used in nutrition and weight management. It's important to note that this is an estimation and individual variations may occur. Choice A (1500 calories), Choice B (2500 calories), and Choice D (5000 calories) are incorrect because they do not match the generally accepted caloric value of 3500 calories for one pound of body fat.

5. What are the potential consequences of damage to the stomach?

• A. Reduced digestion of carbohydrates
• B. Inability to produce or secrete bile
• C. Inability to produce or secrete gastric acid
• D. Increased ability to produce or secrete intrinsic factor

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Damage to the stomach can lead to a reduced ability to produce gastric acid (Choice C) and intrinsic factor, the latter of which is crucial for vitamin B12 absorption (Choice D). That's why these two choices are correct. The stomach doesn't play a direct role in the digestion of carbohydrates (Choice A) as this process primarily occurs in the small intestine with the help of pancreatic enzymes. Similarly, bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, not the stomach, hence stomach damage wouldn't lead to an inability to produce or secrete bile (Choice B).

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