ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam 2023
1. To prevent recurrent attacks on client with glomerulonephritis, the nurse instructs the client to:
- A. Take a shower instead of tub baths
- B. Avoid situations that involve physical activity
- C. Continue the same restriction on fluid intake
- D. Seek early treatment for respiratory infection
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
2. Which of the following terms describes the amount of blood ejected per heartbeat?
- A. Stroke volume
- B. Cardiac output
- C. Ejection fraction
- D. Afterload
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stroke volume. Stroke volume refers to the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle in one contraction. Choice B, Cardiac output, is the total volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute and is calculated by multiplying stroke volume by heart rate. Choice C, Ejection fraction, is the percentage of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heartbeat. Choice D, Afterload, refers to the pressure or resistance that the ventricles must overcome to eject blood during systole. Therefore, in the context of the question, the term that specifically describes the amount of blood ejected per heartbeat is stroke volume.
3. Hypertrophic burn scars are caused by:
- A. exaggerated contraction
- B. random layering of collagen
- C. wound ischemia
- D. delayed epithelialization
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
4. Bacterial growth and plaque formation are enhanced by a diet with frequent intake of retentive carbohydrates. Gingivitis is an irreversible change in the interdental papillary tissues.
- A. Both statements are true
- B. Both statements are false
- C. The first statement is true; the second is false
- D. The first statement is false; the second is true
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The first statement is true; retentive carbohydrates promote bacterial growth and plaque formation. However, the second statement is false; gingivitis is not irreversible and is often reversible with proper care. Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums due to plaque buildup and poor oral hygiene. With good oral hygiene practices and professional dental care, gingivitis can be reversed. The other choices are incorrect because gingivitis is not irreversible, making statement two false.
5. In which type of shock does the patient experience a mismatch of blood flow to the cells?
- A. Distributive
- B. Cardiogenic
- C. Hypovolemic
- D. Septic
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Distributive shock. Distributive shock is characterized by a widespread increase in vascular permeability leading to a relative hypovolemia and a mismatch of blood flow to the cells. Choice B, Cardiogenic shock, is due to the heart's inability to pump effectively. Choice C, Hypovolemic shock, results from a decrease in intravascular volume. Choice D, Septic shock, is caused by a systemic response to infection.
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