Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is planning a menu for a client with a folic acid deficiency anemia. Which food should the nurse recommend that is high in folate?

• A. 4 slices of roast beef
• B. ½ cup of asparagus
• C. 1 cup part-skim mozzarella cheese
• D. ¼ cup of olives

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: ½ cup of asparagus. Asparagus is high in folate, making it a suitable recommendation for clients with folic acid deficiency anemia. Folate is essential in the production of red blood cells, which is crucial in managing anemia. Choices A, C, and D do not contain as much folate as asparagus and are not the best options for addressing a folic acid deficiency anemia.

2. Dina, 17 years old, asks you how a tubal ligation prevents pregnancy. Which would be the best answer?

• A. Prostaglandins released from the cut fallopian tubes can kill sperm
• B. Sperm cannot enter the uterus because the cervical entrance is blocked
• C. Sperm can no longer reach the ova, because the fallopian tubes are blocked
• D. The ovary no longer releases ova as there is nowhere for them to go

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Sperm can no longer reach the ova because the fallopian tubes are blocked.' Tubal ligation works by blocking the fallopian tubes, preventing sperm from reaching the egg for fertilization. Choice A is incorrect because prostaglandins are not released from the cut fallopian tubes to kill sperm. Choice B is incorrect as the cervical entrance being blocked does not relate to tubal ligation. Choice D is incorrect because tubal ligation does not affect the release of ova from the ovary.

3. Which condition is an example of a potential cause of gastritis?

• A. bile reflux
• B. low salt intake
• C. hypophosphatasia
• D. gallstones

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Bile reflux is a potential cause of gastritis as it can irritate the stomach lining when bile backs up into the stomach. Choices B, C, and D do not directly cause gastritis. Low salt intake is not a common cause of gastritis. Hypophosphatasia is a rare genetic disorder affecting bone development, not the stomach. Gallstones, while related to the gallbladder, are not a direct cause of gastritis.

4. Angie is a disoriented client who frequently falls from the bed. As her nurse, which of the following is the best nursing intervention to prevent future falls?

• A. Tell Angie not to get up from bed unassisted
• B. Put the call bell within her reach
• C. Put bedside commode at the bedside to prevent Angie from getting up
• D. Put the bed in the lowest position ever

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

5. Inadequate intake of vitamin A occurs in lower socioeconomic groups due to a lack of resources to purchase and consume vegetables and fruits.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. Inadequate intake of vitamin A in lower socioeconomic groups is due to a lack of resources to purchase and consume vegetables and fruits. This is supported by the fact that the average intake in the United States meets the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for vitamin A intake, except in lower socioeconomic groups. These individuals often lack the financial means to buy, prepare, and eat a variety of fruits and vegetables, leading to deficiencies. It's important to note that because vitamin A can be stored in the liver, most adults have sufficient quantities to maintain health. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the statement and reason are both accurate and logically connected, as the lack of resources directly impacts the ability to obtain necessary sources of vitamin A.

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