ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test B 2019
1. To prevent injury and strain on the muscles, the nurse should observe proper body mechanics. Among the following, which is a principle of proper body mechanics?
- A. Broaden the space between the feet
- B. Push instead of pull
- C. Move the object away from the body when lifting
- D. Bend at the waist, not on the knees
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
2. Which biomolecule is responsible for the storage and transfer of genetic information?
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Proteins
- C. Lipids
- D. Nucleic acids
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are the biomolecules responsible for storing and transferring genetic information within cells. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids do not have this specific function. Carbohydrates are mainly used for energy storage, structural support, and cellular communication. Proteins are involved in various cellular functions such as enzymatic reactions, structural support, and signaling. Lipids play roles in energy storage, cell membrane structure, and signaling.
3. Which of the following interventions should be considered the highest priority when caring for June, who has hemiparesis secondary to a stroke?
- A. Position June in an upright lateral position
- B. Perform range of motion exercises
- C. Apply antiembolic stockings
- D. Use hand rolls or pillows for support
Correct answer: C: Apply antiembolic stockings
Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Apply antiembolic stockings'. In the case of a patient who has experienced a stroke and is suffering from hemiparesis, the highest priority intervention is to prevent further complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can be life-threatening. Antiembolic stockings are used to increase venous blood flow velocity and reduce the risk of DVT. Choice 'A', positioning June in an upright lateral position, while important for overall care, is not the highest priority. Choice 'B', performing range of motion exercises, is an important part of recovery but not the immediate priority. Choice 'D', using hand rolls or pillows for support, is also a valuable intervention but does not address the most pressing risk of further complications.
4. Nurse DMLM is correct in identifying the correct sequence of events during abdominal assessment if she identifies which of the following?
- A. Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation
- B. Inspection, Percussion, Palpation, Auscultation
- C. Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation
- D. Inspection, Auscultation, Palpation, Percussion
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct sequence for abdominal assessment is Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation. Start with Inspection to observe any visible abnormalities, followed by Auscultation to listen for bowel sounds, then Percussion to assess the density of underlying structures, and finally Palpation to feel for any tenderness or masses. Choices A, B, and C have the incorrect sequence of assessment techniques.
5. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. Albumin in my urine is an indication of normal kidney function.
- B. I will keep my HbA1c at five percent.
- C. I will have ketones in my urine if my blood glucose is maintained at 190 milligrams per deciliter.
- D. I will keep my blood glucose levels between 200 and 212 milligrams per deciliter.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Maintaining an HbA1c level of 5 percent indicates good long-term blood glucose control and understanding of diabetes management. Choice A is incorrect because the presence of albumin in the urine (albuminuria) is actually an indication of kidney damage in diabetes. Choice C is incorrect as ketones in the urine are a sign of inadequate insulin and can occur when blood glucose levels are high, not at a specific level like 190 mg/dL. Choice D is also incorrect as the client should aim to keep blood glucose levels within a tighter range for better control, typically between 80-130 mg/dL before meals and less than 180 mg/dL after meals.