ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
1. Which test uses sound waves to create images of the heart, allowing doctors to assess its structure and function?
- A. Echocardiogram
- B. MRI
- C. CT scan
- D. X-ray
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Echocardiogram. An echocardiogram is a test that uses sound waves to create images of the heart, enabling doctors to assess its structure and function. This imaging technique is particularly useful in detecting abnormalities such as valve disease. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because MRI, CT scans, and X-rays use different imaging technologies that do not rely on sound waves to visualize the heart.
2. What is the priority intervention for a patient with fluid overload?
- A. Administer diuretics
- B. Administer IV fluids
- C. Provide oral fluids
- D. Provide chest physiotherapy
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer diuretics. Diuretics help reduce excess fluid in cases of fluid overload, making it the priority intervention. Administering additional IV fluids (choice B) would exacerbate the problem by adding more fluid. Providing oral fluids (choice C) is not the priority as the excess fluid needs to be removed first. Chest physiotherapy (choice D) is not the primary intervention for fluid overload.
3. Which action by a patient indicates that the home health nurse�s teaching about glargine and regular insulin has been successful?
- A. The patient administers the glargine 30 minutes before each meal
- B. The patient�s family prefills the syringes with the mix of insulins weekly.
- C. The patient draws up the regular insulin and then the glargine in the same syringe.
- D. The patient disposes of the open vials of glargine and regular insulin after 4 weeks
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving furosemide. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a therapeutic effect of the medication?
- A. Increased shortness of breath.
- B. Weight gain of 2.3 kg (5 lb).
- C. Clear lung sounds.
- D. Bounding pulse.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clear lung sounds. Clear lung sounds indicate a therapeutic effect of furosemide, as the medication helps reduce fluid overload in heart failure. Choice A, increased shortness of breath, is incorrect as furosemide is used to relieve symptoms like shortness of breath. Choice B, weight gain of 2.3 kg (5 lb), is incorrect as furosemide is a diuretic that helps reduce fluid retention leading to weight loss. Choice D, bounding pulse, is incorrect as furosemide does not directly impact the pulse rate.
5. When the blastocyst burrows deep into the uterine lining, __________.
- A. implantation occurs
- B. pregnancy does not occur
- C. it stops growing
- D. the cells of the zygote first duplicate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When the blastocyst burrows deep into the uterine lining, this process is known as implantation. Implantation is a crucial step in the early stages of pregnancy where the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall in order to receive nourishment and continue developing. Choice B is incorrect because implantation is a necessary step for pregnancy to occur. Choice C is incorrect as implantation marks the beginning of further growth and development. Choice D is incorrect as the duplication of cells occurs during earlier stages of development, not during implantation.
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